Breeding 101

[nemo]

Mga kalimitang breed ng baboy sa Pilipinas

Landrace= puti na baboy na may tengang pababa at mahabang pangangatawan.
           = white breed with drooping ears and elongated bodies.

Largewhite=puting baboy na nakatayo ang tenga at pabilog na pangagatawan
          =white breed with erect ears and rounded body.

Pietrain = puting baboy na may batik na itim at mayroong matiponung pangangatawan.
          =white breed with spotted black and masculine body/conformation.

Duroc= mapusyaw na pula or kulay chokolate may paarkong likod.
       = mahogany red or brown with arch back.

Hampshire= itim na baboy na maykulay puti paikot sa dibdib
             = black pig with white belt around the chest.

Berkshire= itim na baboy na may puti sa paa at buntot at nguso.
             = balck pig with white spot on the feet, tail and snout.

Philippine Native= itim na baboy, maliit at  mahinang lumaki.
                     = black pig, small and a slow grower.

See the Gallery area for the pictures.
http://pinoyagribusiness.com/forum/gallery.html;cat=4

Paraan ng pagpapalahi

Pure breeding= Ang isang lahi ng baboy ay ipabubulog sa baboy na parehas na lahi ngunit hindi
                              magkakamag anak. Example landrace x landrace.
                          = an animal that belongs to the same breed but not related is mated. Ex. landrace to 
                              landrace.
     
Inbreeding= Ang magkakamag anak na baboy ay ipapalahi sa bawat isa.
                       = closely related animals are bred with one another.

Upgrading= Ang isang native o kaya grade na hayop ay ipapabulog sa baboy na may mas mataas na
                         katangian.
                      = Native or a grade animal will be mated to a superior breed.

Cross breeding= Dalawang mag kaibang lahi ng baboy ay ibreed. Ex Largewhite x Duroc.
                        = 2 different breeds of swine will be mated ex. Largewhite x Duroc.

[mikey]

Dr.Nemo,okay the information we have from our book and the Govt. information,it told us to bred a landrace to a large white this is a crossbreed (white),bred the females to a terminal sire (Duroc),this gives you a slaughter hog,this is what we have been doing.My poor Duroc is finished,too much action,The information I have ,reads that the Duroc is better suited for tougher conditions,better able to take more heat,handles stress better than the other breeds.Do you think the Duroc makes for a better terminal sire over the other ones?? Have a good day            mikey

[nemo]

In general, yes.

It is the most recommended combination.

But you have also to consider the data/performance of the duroc you are buying.

IT does not give you a assurance that if you are buying a Duroc, F1, PS etc means you have a quality breed. Always ask for a performance  record. Most breeding farms have this.

[mikey]

Dr. Nemo,do you think it is better to use a crossbred Duroc (f1) over a purebred Duroc.We had been using a purebred Duroc (terminal sire) to produce slaughter hogs,only kept 1 male (crossbred) as a back up,he is now in service ,until we can replace the Duroc. Thanks       mikey

[nemo]

In theory it is better to use the pure duroc. But if your crossbred duroc gan give you the same or even better production then go for it.

Check the record of your crosbred duroc if it has a good averaged daily gain,good feed convertion ratio,  physically it is masculine, came from a batch with a big litter then i would say it could be a good breeder.

[mikey]

Dr. Nemo,well he is a good hog,I still want a red Duroc.Thanks for your advise.Have A Good Day                       mikey

[mikey]

Heterosis in Crosses of Inbred Lines of Duroc Swine
Doyle Chambers and J. A. Whatley, Jr.
Oklahoma A. and M. College1


Abstract

The litter weights and number of live pigs per litter for 371 litters of Duroc swine at birth, 21, 56, and 180 days of age were studied. The same items were studied on 73 additional litters at birth and 56 days. All litters were farrowed at the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station during the period from 1939 to 1949 inclusive. The study included inbred litters from seven different lines, as well as two-line-cross, three-line-cross, and outbred Duroc litters. Intra-season weighted mean differences were obtained for number of pigs per litter and litter weights at birth, 21, 56, and 180 days for five different comparisons.

The comparisons made were: I, two-line-cross litters with inbred litters within line of dam; II, two-line-cross litters with the average of the two parental inbred lines; III, three-line-cross litters with two-line-cross litters; IV, three-line-cross litters with outbred Duroc litters; V, two-line crosses with outbred Durocs. The data on litters produced by sows over one year of age were corrected to a gilt-equivalent age.

Hybrid vigor was evident both in number of pigs per litter and litter weights at birth, and increased as the litters became less dependent upon the direct mothering ability of the dams.

This vigor was expressed to a greater extent in the increased viability of the pigs and productivity of two-line-cross gilts than in the increased growth rate of the individual pigs.

There was no significant difference in the performance of two-line-cross litters raised by inbred sows and the performance of outbred Duroc litters which were produced in the same season.

Three-line-cross litters, raised by two-line-cross dams and sired by inbred boars of a third line, were superior to both two-line-cross and outbred Duroc litters with which they were compared. The differences were not statistically significant for all items.

Increased number of pigs per litter in most cases was sufficient to account for a large percentage of the increase in total litter weight.

When initial weights of the pigs were the same, advantages of two-line-cross pigs over inbreds with the same line of dam in post-weaning rate of gain and efficiency of gain were relatively small and inconsistent.

Because heterosis was expressed in both number of pigs which survived and the growth rate of the individual, total weight of the litter seems to be the one best over all measure of performance for comparison of lines or crosses.



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Footnotes
1 Animal Husbandry Department, in cooperation with the Regional Swine Breeding Laboratory (Ames. Iowa), Bureau of Animal Industry, Agricultural Research Administration, U.S.D.A.

[johntrix]

good day to you doc,

ngayon po kase inilipat namin ng crate ang mga inahin namin sa farrowing crate from gestation crate. one month pregnant na po  ang mga ito. kulang po kase kami sa gestating crate kaya inililipat namin ng maaga sa farrowing. it was very stressful para sa inahin dahil we need na hatakin pataatras ang mga ito. ang worry ko lang po sa ganitong first month of pregnancy, posibleng pa rin po bang makunan ang mga ito? is there any technique ng paglipat ng inahin na hindi masyadong stressful na kailangan takpan ng sako ang ulo nito at hatakin sa buntot paatras? salamat po ulit.

[nemo]

Kung mag lilipat ng inahin na buntis dapat less stress ito.

Kalimitan mga board/ plywood ang ginagamit parang guide para mapalakad sila papunta sa kulungan.
Mas maganda kung 2 tao ang gagawa nito. Ang mga plywood ay gagamitin mong pang ipit sa kabilaang katawan nito. Ang tendency ang makikitang daan lang ng baboy ay paharap. So, lalakad ito ng paharap at habang ginagawa niya ito inaadjust nyo din ng paharap ang plywood papuntang kulungan nito. Kung ayaw nyang lumakad. papaluin/tatapikinm nyo sa puwet ito para matakot at lumakad.

Also nga pala, as much as possible there should be no person sa harapan ng baboy whether sa gilid or harap. except yun humahawak ng plywood.

______------------------------
trans....
If you want to transfer pregnant sow, as much as possible it should be less stressful.

I would suggest that you use  boards/plywoods as a tool to direct them to the pen. The sow would be inbetween the plywood and the tendency the animal could only see straight ahead, so it will walk straight. while the animal is walking adjust the plywood forward until you reach the pen. If the animal is not walking tap it in the butt so it would walk.

As much as possible there should be  no person in front of the animal or at side except for those who will hold the plywood.

[johntrix]

i see now. mahirap kase ung design ng piggery ko coz of the location. maburol sya kaya ung ibang crate na lilipatan ay nasa itaas na parte kumbaga first floor and second floor, wala naman syang hagdanan kundi slant na daanan lamang. takot ang baboy pababa so kind of need to apply force to it.siguro ilipat lahat ng crate sa the same elevation na lang.

[kirara]

doc nu po ba physical appearance ng f1 na sow???

[nemo]

Lean, legs without deformities, clear eyes and alert, Kung nasa likod ka ng baboy yun mga legs nya dapat straight sa paningin mo.
You need also to see the pedigree of the animal. Birth history nya and ancestry. Whether it came from a good sow, whether it grows fast etc.

[hogzilladoc]

DOC NEMO...

i just wanna ask kung may "2008 Swine Production Performance" na. Gusto ko sana makita mga achievements and targets for Breeding Swine kasi magtatayo ako ng A.I. center. 

[nemo]

Follow this link "Swine Production performance 2008"

[sanico]

Hi Doc,
Please send me the copy of Breeding 101. t.y.
nmsanico_0917@yahoo.com.ph