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LIVESTOCKS => POULTRY => Topic started by: Mustang Sally Farm on December 05, 2012, 08:16:46 PM

Title: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on December 05, 2012, 08:16:46 PM

Poultry Health Featured Articles

Influence of Chlorine Added to Drinking Water During the Preslaughter Feed Withdrawal on Microbiology and Morphology of the Broiler Gastrointestinal Tract
02 December 2012

Chlorine added to drinking water for broilers during the feed withdrawal period reduced the numbers of microorganisms in the crops but did not damage the intestinal mucosa, according to new research from Brazil.

In the journal, Poultry Science, F.R. Barreiro and co-authors at Universidade Estadual Paulista in Jaboticabal, Brazil, report an experiment to test the effects of the addition of chlorine to broiler drinking water during a 12-hour pre-slaughter feed withdrawal period on reduction of the quantities of microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli and enterococci, in broiler crops and caeca.

Reduction of these microorganisms would likely also reduce contamination of broiler meat by pathogenic bacteria during processing, the researchers explain. They also investigated whether the chlorine caused intestinal damage that could disseminate the microorganisms to the carcass.

A total of 40 Cobb male broilers were used. Samples of crop and caecal content were collected for microbiological analysis, and duodenum and jejunum were used for morphological analysis from 10 birds in each treatment.

The most probable number (MPN) of E.coli and enterococci in the collected samples of crop and caeca and the measure of the free residual chlorine in water were determined.

The scanning electron microscopy from duodenum and jejunum was used to illustrate the mucosa integrity.

The salt of dichloro isocyanuric acid (Hidroall do Brasil Ltda, Aviclor choque) was used in the drinking water of the 12 hours of feed withdrawal with chlorine addition to water treatment. Chlorine was added at the beginning of the pre-slaughter period. The nipple valve was pressed with a sterile spatula to collect a water sample in a sterile bottle at the beginning and after the 12-h pre-slaughter period. Free chlorine measurement was performed immediately after sample collection. The concentration of free residual chlorine in the water was 0.052mg per mL at the start and 0.043mg per mL at the end of the pre-slaughter feed withdrawal period.

The chlorine added to water was efficient in reducing the quantities of microorganisms in broiler crops and improved the integrity of the mucosa.

Figure 1. Electron micrograph from duodenum of broilers submitted to the following treatments: without feed withdrawal at the beginning of the pre-slaughter period (A), 12 hours of feed withdrawal without chlorine addition to water (B), 12 hours of feed withdrawal with chlorine addition to water (C), and without feed withdrawal after the pre-slaughter period (D).

Figure 2. Electron micrograph from jejunum of broilers submitted to the following treatments: without feed withdrawal at the beginning of the pre-slaughter period (A), 12 hours of feed withdrawal without chlorine addition to water (B), 12 hours of feed withdrawal with chlorine addition to water (C), and without feed withdrawal after the pre-slaughter period (D).

The researchers concluded that pre-slaughter feed withdrawal should be coupled with crop disinfection because pre-slaughter feed withdrawal increases the MPN of enterococci and E. coli in broiler crops. As a result, they added, it presents a higher risk for carcass contamination during slaughterhouse processing and, consequently, a higher risk for public health.

Reference

Barreiro F.R., S.M. Baraldi-Artoni, F.R. Pinto, M.M.C. Barbosa, J.C. Barbosa and L.A. Amaral. 2012. Influence of chlorine added to drinking water during the preslaughter feed withdrawal on microbiology and morphology of the broiler gastrointestinal tract. Poultry Science.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: ponching27 on December 09, 2012, 05:10:44 PM

doc nemo ako din poh pahingi ng guide sa pag-aalaga ng 45days chicken.. salamat poh sir.. charles_chryzten@yahoo.com

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on December 11, 2012, 04:28:48 PM

USDA International Egg and Poultry

Reports» USDA International Egg and Poultry» USDA International Egg and Poultry: United Arab Emirates

05 December 2012
USDA International Egg and Poultry: United Arab Emirates
Poultry meat production in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is unofficially expected to drop to 37,000 tons in 2012 before rebounding to 41,000 tons in 2013.

Poultry meat production was constrained due to outbreaks of diseases which resulted in some plants either closing or scaling down their operations. The increasing prices of feed and high operational cost have added to the problems of poultry producers. A newly constructed farm in Abu Dhabi is expected to start production in 2013, and according to industry sources, early this year Saudi Arabia stopped exports of poultry meat. This development has encouraged UAE producers to increase their production.

United Arab Emirates broiler meat in ‘000 metric tons

Poultry PSD table with estimates for 2012 and 2013:

Five large-sized farms produce about 75% of the local poultry production, half of which is produced by a single farm in Dubai; two medium-sized farms produce nearly 10 percent of the total, while the balance is filled by several small operations. The average age of the birds slaughtered is between 28 to 31 days. The average bird weight gain is reported at 40 g/day. Live chicken is slaughtered at a 1.3 kg weight that dresses out at 1 kg. The feed conversion rate is reported between 1.5 kg and 1.6 kg to 1 kg and it varies depending on the farm management and utilized breed.

Major poultry operations are fully integrated, including on-farm slaughtering facilities. They also have their marketing, sales and distribution staff and some even retail directly. Domestically produced poultry is generally marketed fresh/chilled. Summer heat causes both production and marketing problems when demand for poultry meat drops, as many UAE residents travel abroad fleeing the high temperature. During the summer months major operations will freeze some production. In an effort to expand market share some producers are producing limited amounts of chilled boneless or bonein parts. After the AI scare, the government banned backyard poultry production and the sales of live poultry. Spent hens are either destroyed or recycled in rendering plants. The same applies to chicken paws.

Minimum competition exists between domestic and imported poultry because of the price difference. Imported whole chicken retails at about $3/kg, whereas the cost of domestic chicken retails at about US $4.5/kg. Households with high disposable income, particularly Arabs, tend to consume domestically produced poultry in fresh/chilled form as it is perceived to be in full compliance with Halal slaughtering. To a lesser extent, local production is consumed at some institutions, such as universities, hospitals and the military, particularly in Abu Dhabi area.

UAE Poultry Direct Trade 2008 – 2011

In 2011, almost 96% of the total poultry imported by UAE were frozen chicken, 50% of which were frozen meat and edible offal of chicken not cut in pieces (HS Code 02071200), and 46% frozen cuts and offal parts (HS Code 02071400). Similarly, 98% of total exports were frozen chicken, 64% of which were frozen cuts and edible offal (HS Code 02071400), and 34% frozen meat and edible offal not cut in pieces (HS Code 02071200), and almost 94% of reexports were frozen chicken, 53% frozen cuts and edible offal (HS Code 02071400) and 41% frozen meat and edible offal not cut in pieces (HS Code 02071200).

Major poultry suppliers & their total poultry* exports to the UAE CY 2011

UAE total poultry* exports in CY 2011

US Egg and Egg Products Exports to the UAE Bird’s eggs in thousand dozen; egg products in metric tons.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on December 22, 2012, 02:18:57 PM

Pakistan Poultry Prices Increase by up to 40 Per Cent
21 December 2012

PAKISTAN - According to a survey, the prices of poultry products registered with 30 to 40 per cent increase in wholesale and retail markets in last couple of days.

A sharp increase in prices of chicken and eggs was witnessed due to non-availability of sufficient stock in the markets, reports Business Recorder.

The survey noted that price of chicken meat has been increased at Rs.166 per kg from Rs.110 per kg during the last four days in the wholesale and retail market. While, chicken alive is being sold at Rs.250-260 against the preceding week rate of Rs.200.

Similarly eggs’ prices also shot up from Rs.110 to Rs.130 per dozen in the open market.

The dealers and local district administration had unanimously fixed rates of poultry with minimum rates in wake of surplus stock of chicken in the markets six months ago.

Peshawar High Court also took a suo motu notice against the high prices of chicken in market and imposed ban on export of poultry products and cattle to Afghanistan.

“We are forced to quit business as a number of poultry farm closed down due to facing immense financial losses," said Haji Jhangariz, a wholesaler and owner of poultry farm. He said that dealers are compelled to sell chicken at prices fixed by the district administration for the last three to four months. Because of this, 50 per cent poultry farm have been closed down due to growing financial losses.

“The closure of a large number of farms causes huge shortages of poultry products in wholesale and open markets”, he added.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on January 02, 2013, 05:33:27 PM

Turkey Products Grow Stronger Than Chicken
31 December 2012

US - Turkey consumption is edging upwards and turkey products are growing stronger than chicken, according to a new market report.

It is well known that when it comes to poultry sales, chicken rules the roost, but as the holidays approach, could it be time for turkey to gobble up a bigger share of the US market? According to new research from Mintel on the US poultry market, it just might be as sales of turkey, duck and other specialty birds, grew a considerable 6.5 per cent in just one year, reaching $7.1 billion (2011-12).

Growing from $6 billion in 2008, other poultry products, largely consisting of turkey, grew the most in this category. Moreover, more than eight in 10 (84 per cent) Americans say they eat turkey; chicken is eaten by 94 per cent and other poultry, such as duck, goose and hen, are consumed by 23 per cent of the population.

Today, poultry in the US is valued at $30 billion (2012), with chicken parts accounting for 58 per cent of the total poultry market. Worth $17.3 billion in 2011, sales of chicken parts grew 4.5 per cent year on year. Meanwhile, whole chickens were not chicken scratch, with sales of $5.5 billion in 2012, an increase of 0.6 per cent over 2011.

John N. Frank, category manager for Mintel Food and Drink, said: "The growth of other poultry products over 2011 and 2012 is partly attributed to the increasing popularity of Heritage turkeys, which are bigger, take longer to reach maturity, and sell for more than standard turkeys. However, if other poultry products, like turkey, want to continue their impressive growth and not just be seen as the festive centerpiece, they will need to provide the level of innovation that is being seen in the chicken parts segment. As for the poultry market as a whole, it's not surprising that chicken parts make up the majority of sales - they represent an attractive option for shoppers who want a convenient and healthy choice for quick dinners, while whole chickens take a substantial amount of time to prepare and culinary know-how."

Poultry in general might also start pulling in some consumers from the red meat market. Nearly four in 10 (38 per cent) US consumers say they have increased their consumption of poultry in the last year, peaking among younger adults, with 43 per cent of those aged 18-24 eating more versus 36 per cent of the most senior consumers (aged 65+).

"As obesity rates in the US continue to be an issue, low-fat meal options such as white meat poultry should benefit from consumers who are looking for items that will help them maintain healthy weight. Moreover, budget pressures continue to drive-eating at home over dining out, as preparing meals at home typically costs far less than-eating out and the relative affordability of poultry items makes them an ideal meal option for consumers preparing meals at home. As for younger consumers, they are the most likely to have increased their poultry consumption in the last year, reflecting well on the market in that younger consumers are the least likely to possess cooking skills and therefore are likely finding value-added, ready-to-cook (seasoned, marinated) poultry products more convenient than ever," Mr Frank explains.

Moreover, according to Mintel, ethnic consumers are a driving force behind the poultry market, with 73 per cent of Asian or Pacific Islanders and 72 per cent of Hispanic and Black consumers cooking chicken at home, as opposed to 62 per cent of White consumers.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on January 13, 2013, 11:27:15 AM

Avian Flu at New York Live Market Halts Some Exports
12 January 2013

GLOBAL - Following the finding of avian influenza - presumed to be low pathogenic - at a New York live bird market, exports to Japan and Taiwan from New York have been halted.

USDA's National Veterinary Services Laboratories has confirmed H5N1 - presumably low pathogenic - from a live bird market in New York, according to the National Chicken Council (NCC).

According to USDA's agreement with Taiwan, FSIS has been notified to amend the FSIS Export Library to state that the export of poultry meat and meat products from the State of New York to Taiwan is prohibited effective immediately.

This is also the situation for Japan. Japan's avian influenza bans cover product produced from birds from farms in the banned state, as well as from birds slaughtered or eggs laid in the state; product processed in the state; and product that was stored in or transited the state, except after final packaging for FSIS meat products and after official sealing for table shell eggs.

Japan has agreed to exempt product from poultry slaughtered (or eggs laid) and shipped out of (or packaged with final packaging for FSIS meat products or officially sealed for table shell eggs) New York prior to 12 December 2012. Combined with previous 'ineligible dates' from other bans, this means that the following dates are now ineligible for Japan (from New York):
•products produced prior to 22 February 2008
•product produced on or after 11 April 2008 but before 15 January 2009
•product produced on or after 11 February 2009 but before 25 December 2009
•product produced on or after 20 December 2011 but before 31 August 2012, and
•product produced on or after 12 December 2012.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on January 21, 2013, 10:44:11 AM

Pakistan - Poultry industry in trouble

21 Jan 2013

While talking to The Nation, Dr Akram Ch observed that chick farming has been suffering because of poor law and order situation, acute power shortages, high prices of poultry feed and scant resources to combat breakouts of poultry diseases which have killed thousands of birds in short periods of time.

Dr Akram has developed a technology of induced moulting and extended it to poultry farmers, providing consultancy services at national and international levels to various layer, layer breeder, broiler breeder and grand parent companies.

Dr Akram is presently the Chairman of the Department of Poultry Production, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences and is amongst one of few whose research is linked with the poultry industry.

He is a member of ASRB, UVAS and has been working as a consultant in Action-aid international UK and FAUP.

“It is a fact that Pakistan’s poultry industry is facing a lot of problems and challenges. In spite of that, the sector is one of the largest and fastest growing agro-industries everywhere in the world just due to an increasing demand for poultry meat and egg products.”

Major problems facing the industry can be put in order by working on a few things, and adopting instructions set by poultry scientists.

“If academia and poultry farmers sit together, share experiences and get guidance from various aspects of farming, then basic learning about farming can be accomplished by farmers, which is, presently done by the UVAS’s Poultry Production Department in Pakistan.”

Dr Akram said that poultry meat is an important protein source.Its quality is pertinent to the quality of life of poultry birds. Chicken feeds come from many sources including land, marine, plants and animal products.

Despite a decline in the number of poultry farms, the average farm production of poultry birds has been going up, as chick populations have soared to almost 710 million this year from about 390 million of 2010, Dr Akram added.

This has provided relief to consumers against a sharp increase in prices of red meat owing to its increasing exports.

He stated that poultry production in traditional rural set-ups is also being gradually modernised, as farmers’ incomes have improved on the back of high support prices of their crops.

But some investment has also come in from abroad, basically in the shape of technical support to poultry feed mills and hatcheries.

He said that if the super floods of 2010 had not destroyed number of farms a big difference in the number of farms now in operation could have been noticed.

Latest data shows that banks made net loans of Rs.4 billion in 2011 to the poultry sector and distributed loans of around Rs.3 billion in 2012.

He said that poultry farms in Sindh have particularly benefited from bank loans in the last two years but total financing has fallen short of their actual needs.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on January 24, 2013, 12:00:26 PM

GLOBAL POULTRY TRENDS: World Egg Production Sets a Record Despite Slower Growth
Saturday, January 19, 2013

Between 2000 and 2010, global egg output expanded by more than two per cent a year from 51 million tonnes to 63.8 million tonnes (Table 1). However since then, the annual increase appears to have barely averaged one per cent and bearing in mind the continued pressure on production costs and on consumer purse-strings, it seems likely that future growth will be nearer one than two per cent.

In most instances, the production figures relate to the output of all hen eggs including hatching eggs for both the layer and table chicken flocks. Globally, it is considered that hatching eggs represent about five per cent of the total although for individual countries, the proportion of hatching eggs varies greatly depending on the size of the meat chicken industry. Consequently, in some instances, the proportion of hatching eggs in the total will be small but, at the other extreme - for example, in the US and Brazil where hatching eggs represent between 12 per cent and 15 per cent of total egg output, respectively.

Annual rates of growth vary between the regions (Table 1 and Figure 1). While the increase worldwide between 2000 and 2010 averaged 2.3 per cent a year, Africa recorded an average annual expansion of 3.7 per cent. Asia managed an annual growth of 2.6 per cent, while the Americas and Oceania each notched up an increase of a shade over two per cent. Expansion was slowest in Europe with a gain of only 1.1 per cent a year.

As a result of these differences, Africa managed to increase its share of the global total from 3.8 per cent to 4.3 per cent. The contribution from the Americas has eased back a little from 20.4 per cent to 20.1 per cent, while Asia has increased its share from 56.9 per cent to 58.7 per cent. Europe's share contracted from 18.6 per cent to 16.5 per cent. If hatching eggs were deducted from the output figures, the percentages would change a little but it would not alter the general view of an increase in production and market share in Asia and Africa, stagnant growth at best in the Americas and a reduction in Europe.

With regard to layer numbers, the Food and Agriculture (FAO) estimates that in 2010 there were almost 6,556 million layers worldwide, of which, 509 million were in Africa, 1,053 million in the Americas, 4,211 million in Asia, 765 million in Europe and some 18 million in Oceania.

Figure 1. World egg production by region (million tonnes)

The Americas Produces One-Fifth of All Eggs

The region of the Americas produces almost 20 per cent of all eggs. However, industry growth since 2005 has not matched that achieved in Asia hence the Americas' share of the global total has slipped a little from 20.7 per cent in 2005 to an estimated 19.9 per cent in 2012. As in all the regions, only a handful of countries account for the bulk of production.

In the Americas in 2010, just five countries - the US, Mexico, Brazil, Columbia and Argentina - produced some 10.8 million tonnes of eggs or 84 per cent of the regional total (Tables 2 and 3) although as mentioned earlier, in both the US and Brazil, a significant proportion of the total will be hatching eggs for the table chicken industry.

Growth rates within the region show marked differences. In the US, the leading producer by far, production between 2000 and 2010 increased by less than one per cent a year in contrast to gains of between 2.6 per cent and 2.9 per cent in Brazil and Mexico. The industries in the next two countries in the production league table, Columbia and Argentina, expanded by some 4.7 per cent and 4.4 per cent a year respectively. So, while Mexico, Brazil, Columbia and Argentina increased their shares of the regional total, the USA's contribution actually declined from 48 per cent to almost 42 per cent between 2000 and 2010.

Canada's egg industry has expanded by about 1.5 per cent a year. Production in Peru actually increased by almost six per cent a year but from a low base of just over 160,000 tonnes in 2000 (Table 2).

Egg production in the US is expressed in millions of dozens, the total having risen from 7,630 million dozen in 2010 to 7,655 million dozen in 2011, with the latest estimate for 2012 at 7,700 million dozen but forecast for 2013 points to a fall of one per cent to around 7,610 million dozen. Hatching eggs represent around 12 per cent of these totals. In volume terms, the quantity of table eggs produced is around 4.7 and 4.8 million tonnes, with some 93 per cent being considered to be white-shelled eggs.

The five largest egg producing States - Iowa (with 52.3 million layers), Ohio (26.9 million), Pennsylvania (24.4 million), Indiana (22.8 million) and California (18.9 million) represent around 50 per cent of all US layers. Currently some 87 per cent of total production is in the hands of 61 companies, each owning more than one million birds, 16 of which have over five million.

Some 94 per cent of output comes from conventional cages but an agreement between United Egg Producers (who represent some 80 per cent of US egg production) and the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) will result in the industry moving from what is primarily a conventional cage production business to enriched colony housing giving 124 square inches or 800 square centimetres per white layer and 144 square inches or 929 square centimetres for brown-egg birds by the end of 2029.

According to Maro Ibarburu-Blanc, an economist at the Egg Industry Center, quoted in Egg Industry, the trend towards larger layer farms with in-line egg packing, and greater industry consolidation will continue as the move towards enriched colony production systems will increase both capital and feed costs. There will likely be a regional shift towards the southern States, as it is anticipated that supplemental heating may be required in houses in parts of the Mid- and north-west in winter to maintain the optimum temperature for bird performance, as bird density will be lower in the enriched colonies than in conventional cages. The view is that medium-sized farms with fewer than one million birds will either get bigger or cease production, while the really small farms could stay in business as niche marketers.

USDA long-term projections foresee growth in US production but at less than one per cent a year as total output rises from 7,607 million dozen in 2013 to 8,043 million dozen in 2021.

Figure 2. Leading egg producers in the Americas (million tonnes)

The egg industry in Mexico managed to expand by more than three per cent a year in the decade to 2010 during which time, annual output rose from 1.79 million tonnes to 2.48 million tonnes, according to the Union Nacional de Avicultores. In 2011, the gain was not quite as rapid at 2.5 per cent output rising to 2.54 million tonnes, despite higher production costs. However, the Los Altos region of the Jalisco State was hit by an outbreak of H7N3 avian influenza in June 2012 that resulted in the loss of some 22 million layers, which represented some 15 per cent of the country's egg production. Jalisco produces 55 per cent of Mexico's table eggs, the majority coming from the Los Altos region, the only area affected by the outbreak. As a result, the upward trend in annual production will have been reversed in 2012 to less than 2.4 million tonnes. At the time of writing, a recovery was underway. The ratio of white to brown eggs is put at 95:5.

Although, according to the FAO, egg output in Brazil (commercial, plus backyard and hatching) is almost two million tonnes a year, possibly 15 per cent or more of the total are hatching eggs, which would put the estimate of table eggs at around 1.7 million tonnes. Egg consumption currently is some 8.5kg per person and year, which is below the average for the Americas. However, with a human population currently estimated at 200 million, even a tiny increase in uptake per person will require a significant increase in the quantity of eggs produced to meet the additional demand. As in most other countries, while the difficult financial climate will likely apply a brake to the rate of growth, the upward trend in output should continue. White-shelled eggs represent approximately 75 per cent of the total.

Argentina and Columbia are neck and neck in the race to capture the fourth place in the production league (Table 4). The data presented by the FAO for the period 2000 to 2010 (Table 2) indicates that Columbia's industry was marginally the larger of the two. However, the opposite picture is indicated by more recent figures published by the International Egg Commission (IEC), which puts egg output in 2011 in Argentina at 721,000 tonnes compared with 640,000 tonnes in Columbia. But, the average egg weight in Argentina was assessed at 63.5g, despite the brown to white egg ratio being put at 42 to 58, while the average egg weight in Colombia was estimated to be just 60g. Should the average egg weight for Colombia be understated, Argentina would still have the edge but the difference between the two countries would be much closer. The long-term outlook for both these countries has to be for continued growth.

While Canada might reasonably expect future growth to average more than one per cent a year, the gap between its output and that of the fifth-largest producer in the region, Peru, will continue to close, especially if Peru can maintain its much faster annual growth rate. While production in Peru is almost entirely brown-shelled, almost the opposite is true in Canada where the white to brown egg ratio is 90 to 10.

January 2013

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on February 04, 2013, 08:10:37 AM

Saskatchewan Poultry Market Access to Taiwan Restored
04 February 2013

CANADA - Saskatchewan poultry producers now have access to the lucrative Taiwanese market for the first time since 2007, Agriculture Minister Gerry Ritz announced on Friday (1 February).

Effective immediately, Saskatchewan producers will benefit from a growing market whose value increased 84 per cent from 2007 to 2011.

"Canada's poultry producers play an important role in creating jobs and economic growth across Canada," said Minister Ritz. "Our Government strongly believes in science-based trade, and we are pleased that Taiwan will recognize the safety and high quality of Saskatchewan poultry products."

Taiwan is Canada's fifth-largest export market for poultry and poultry products, importing C$77.4 million in 2007 and C$142.4 million in 2011, an increase of 84 per cent.

Canadian poultry exports to Taiwan have increased 147 per cent between 2007 and 2012, reaching C$22.2 million in sales between January and November 2012.

Taiwanese authorities have lifted the ban that was imposed on Saskatchewan poultry and poultry products following the detection of Notifiable Avian Influenza (NAI) in September 2007.

Saskatchewan has been recognised as NAI-free since 2008 based on the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) requirements, and Canada has been advocating for trade to resume with Taiwan based on this science. The rest of Canada continued to have access during this time period.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on February 13, 2013, 11:33:01 AM

Considerations When Starting a Poultry Flock
13 February 2013

US - When starting a poultry enterprise, whether a small backyard flock or a large commercial operation, there are several factors to consider, says a University of Missouri Extension poultry specialist.

"First of all, you need a location that is legal and acceptable for you to have poultry," Jess Lyons said. "Whether it is in the city or in a rural area, do you have the facilities, the land and source of water to start the enterprise?"

Dr Lyons says that determining the type of operation you plan to start is important.

"Are you doing meat birds only a certain part of the year? Are you doing year-round production? Or are you producing eggs?" Dr Lyons said. "That will affect the area that is required and also the housing facilities."

Backyard flocks that have free range without retaining fences need a place to go up during the night to be safe from predators. Fences that keep flocks in may not keep predators out.

"It seems like all poultry is susceptible to any type of four-legged predator, as well as winged predators," Dr Lyons said.

Birds also need a balanced diet to meet the nutrient requirements of production. Lyons says supplemental light during the winter's shorter days is necessary to keep hens laying eggs.

"The other thing is, what do you do with the product being produced? What's your goal?" Dr Lyons said. "Is it to supplement the farm income, or is it for the enjoyment of the family, or to give children responsibility? It works very well with youth programing with small, fairly inexpensive operations."

Lyons and extension poultry specialists from across the country have worked together to develop online information on small and backyard flocks through eXtension.org, a national collaboration of land-grant universities and the Cooperative Extension System. Information about upcoming webinars, recordings of past webinars, and many other resources for poultry production can be found by clicking here.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on February 23, 2013, 12:14:26 PM

Markets and Economics Featured Articles

GLOBAL POULTRY TRENDS - Shell Egg Trade Doubles in Asia
20 February 2013

Trade in shell eggs and egg products by Asian countries is growing, according to Terry Evans in his latest analysis of Asia'a egg industries.

Shell Egg Trade

Over the decade to 2010, the volume of shell eggs traded internationally doubled from just under one million tonnes to more than two million tonnes (Table 1). After discounting the quantities of hatching eggs in the world total production, the percentage of shell eggs traded annually has actually grown from a shade under two per cent to more than three per cent.

In broad terms, Asia's shell egg exports and imports both currently amount to around 500,000 tonnes a year or roughly one-quarter of the world total.

The fragile nature of shell eggs generally ensures that they are transported over relatively short distances mainly, although not exclusively, to neighbouring countries.

The quantities exported by Asian countries increased two and a half times between 2000 and 2010 from 204,000 tonnes to 536,000 tonnes (Table 1). In 2010, this trade was dominated by just a handful of countries. In that year, for the first time, Turkey became the biggest exporter selling almost 132,000 tonnes (Table 1 and Figure 1). This country's exports have grown annually from a low of less than 4,000 tonnes in 2000. Of the 2010 trade, almost 95,000 tonnes went to Iraq, with a further 27,000 tonnes going to the Syrian Arab Republic. At least one report considers Turkish egg exports to have expanded further to around 225,000 tonnes in 2011.

Figure 1. Leading Asian shell egg exporters ('000 tonnes)

China used to be the largest exporter in this region but after sales had peaked at 135,000 tonnes in 2008, trade declined to 101,000 tonnes in 2010. Almost 83,500 tonnes (83 per cent) were purchased by Hong Kong in that year with an additional near 8,000 tonnes (eight per cent) going to Macao. As a result of domestic inflation, export prices have since risen such that they are currently close to those from the EU and US and so are no longer really competitive in export markets. As a consequence, China's exports are expected to have declined further.

The FAO trade data indicates that some 89,000 tonnes were exported from Malaysia in 2010, with Singapore the leading buyer, followed by Indonesia and Hong Kong.

Exports of fresh eggs from India peaked at a little more than 67,000 tonnes in 2007 but then declined to 35,000 tonnes in 2010. The indications are that they have since contracted again to around 25,000 tonnes in 2011, according to the International Egg Commission (IEC).

Regarding shell egg imports into Asia, almost 200,000 tonnes (41 per cent) were purchased by just one country in 2010 - Iraq (Table 2 and Figure 2). Sales to this outlet have leapt from a mere 4,000 tonnes in 2005. Nearly 62,000 tonnes (13 per cent) were imported by other Middle East countries while a further 95,000 tonnes (21 per cent) were bought by Hong Kong.

Figure 2. Leading Asian shell egg importers ('000 tonnes)

Trade in Dried Egg Products

The world trade in dried egg (excluding egg whites) accelerated rapidly at almost nine per cent a year between 2000 and 2007 from 34,000 tonnes to nearly 61,000 (Tables 3 and 4). Since then, growth has stagnated with the 2010 total amounting to less than 60,000 tonnes.

For Asia, exports of dried egg (again excluding egg whites) increased five-fold from 2,200 tonnes to close on 11,000 tonnes over the period 2006 to 2008 but since then, the volume has contracted to less than 8,000 tonnes in 2010, reflecting a reduction in sales from the two major traders, India and China.

India is the leading exporter shipments having climbed from less than 1,000 tonnes in 2000 to peak at 8,800 tonnes in 2006 but quantities have since slipped back to just 6,100 tonnes in 2010. The main buyers of Indian products in that year were Germany (1,398 tonnes, mostly yolk plus some whole), Denmark (1,019 tonnes of yolk and whole egg), the Netherlands (1,010 tonnes yolk and whole), Indonesia (921 tonnes mainly whole egg plus some yolk and a little whites), Japan (560 tonnes, whites), Vietnam (348 tonnes of whites) and Saudi Arabia (324 tonnes).

China's exports have exhibited a similar pattern having risen from a mere 111 tonnes in 2000 to nearly 3,500 tonnes in 2008 but they have since contracted to 1,500 tonnes. Leading buyers of Chinese dried egg in 2010 were Kazakhstan (575 tonnes), Japan (249 tonnes), the Republic of Korea (142 tonnes) and the Ukraine (84 tonnes).

On the import side of the trade balance sheet, the main buyer of dried egg products is easily Japan. As mentioned earlier, unfortunately this FAO data does not include dried egg whites of which Japan bought some 10,000 tonnes in 2010. In addition, this country purchased some 5,000 tonnes of other forms of dried egg, of which the US supplied nearly 4,000 tonnes and India 427 tonnes.

Indonesia purchased nearly 1,300 tonnes of dried egg although, in this instance, India was the main supplier with more than 900 tonnes.

The US was the number one seller to the Philippines, where total purchases amounted to 557 tonnes in 2010, Kazakhstan imported some 579 tonnes of dried egg in 2010 with China the main supplier.

Saudi Arabia purchased 544 tonnes mainly from the Ukraine, the US and India.

Trade in Liquid Egg Products

Some 270,000 tonnes of liquid egg is traded annually in Asian countries . Asia exports around 12,000 tonnes but imports more than 20,000 tonnes.

China and Thailand dominate the export trade in liquid egg in the region (Table 5), shipping some nearly 4,000 tonnes and 3,500 tonnes, respectively.

Although Japan is the major importer of liquid egg the quantities purchased over the decade declined from a peak of nearly 23,000 tonnes in 2005 to less than 10,000 tonnes in 2007-2010. In 2010, the US was the main supplier, followed by China, Thailand and Brazil (Table 6).

February 2013

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on March 10, 2013, 07:02:45 PM

VIV Asia 2013 Preview
03 March 2013

The organisers of VIV Asia 2013 trade show say they are extending the scope of the event to cover the whole theme 'Feed to Meat' as well as attracting visitors from throughout Asia and beyond for the event, which takes place in Bangkok, Thailand in March 2013.

'The world's most promising meeting point to boost your business from Feed to Meat'. That is the pledge made by the organisers of VIV Asia about the forthcoming 11th edition of the trade show.

Taking place from 13 to 15 March 2013 at the BITEC exhibition centre in Bangkok, the show no longer just focuses on Thailand and its neighbouring countries, they say, but it now extends to the whole of the Far East and the Middle East, Australia, New Zealand and Africa.

The last edition of VIV Asia, in 2011, attracted 29,000 visitors from more than 100 countries and the wider scope of this year's event is predicted to raise attendance further.

Special Themes

Three Special Themes are included alongside the trade show this time.

VIV Animal Health Summit Asia 2013

A special feature of the forthcoming VIV Asia is the VIV Animal Health Summit on Thursday 14 March that will focus on reducing the use of antibiotics in livestock production.

Antibiotics are still widely used in food animal production in many parts of the world. Their use includes the prevention of bacterial infections and because of low costs and availability of some without prescription, antibiotics can be an often used medication. The widespread occurrence of multi-resistant bacteria is becoming a threat for future human and animal health. One consequence of this is that humans get scared and question whether it is safe to eat meat and eggs.

'How to deal with this problem and the safety of meat and eggs in Asian markets' is the theme of the VIV Animal Health Summit Asia.

For more information on the Summit, click here.

MeatTech 2013

MeatTech Asia 2013 is a new feature for this edition of the show, presenting international suppliers active in technology to slaughter and process pig and poultry meat.

Throughout Asia, the demand for equipment and new technology has experienced a massive boost as slaughterhouse operators and meat processors search for efficient systems to speed up processing, manage food safety and reduce costs in terms of manpower, floor space and energy. Opportunities associated with the launch of the Asean Economic Community in 2015 are also fostering increased investment and upgrading of processing and packaging lines. Already some equipment suppliers have seen of sales of cooking equipment in Thailand double as producers opt for complete solutions that offer better yields rather than stand-alone machines.

It is these advances that will be addresses at MeatTech Asia 2013. This special feature consists of a presentation of 25 suppliers at the exhibition, representing some 40 leading brands of equipment for slaughtering and meat processing.

In addition to the MeatTech Pavilion at the exhibition, 'Asian Meat' Magazine (a publication of Asian Agribiz) and VIV present a conference on 13 and 14 March, running each day from 14:00hr to 16:00hr. Topic for both conferences will be 'Automation in Action', with the following participating companies: Ducool, Foodmat, FPT Food Process Technology, Linco Food Sytems, Lima S.A.S. and Marel Stork Poultry Processing.

On the same days, a selection of companies will present their vision on the contribution of automation to specific items of meat slaughter, processing and packaging equipment. Each company has 10 minutes to present its vision and solutions, followed by a closing 20-minute question session.

For more information on the MeatTech Conference, click here.

CropTech-FeedTech 2013

This event has been specially developed for the Asia-Pacific feed milling industries.

Throughout Asia, investments continue in technology and equipment for the Milling, Processing, Storage and Handling of raw materials to produce Feed. The rapidly growing population, the increased level of income and the focus on food safety requires significant investments. In particular China, Viet Nam, India and Indonesia pose a world of opportunities.

In 2011, for almost 5,000 visitors dedicated to feed milling throughout Asia, Africa and the Middle East, the 2011 edition of VIV Asia was a serious breakthrough. Feed milling has developed itself into a strong segment on its own whilst benefitting from VIV's complete 'Feed to Meat' concept. Of all VIV Asia 2011 visitors, more than 12,500 indicated their interest in feed milling technology so international feed manufacturing professionals now clearly mark VIV Asia as an important industry event.

At this point in time, all global market leaders have confirmed their participation for VIV Asia 2013, many of them with significantly larger booths. The space allocated for CropTech-FeedTech Asia 2013 has been extended as a result.

For more information on CropTech-FeedTech 2013, click here.

Other Events at VIV Asia

VIV Asia 2013 offers a wide-ranging seminar and conference programme supported by a range of stakeholders, trade and industry authorities and knowledge institutes.

The VIV Main Conference will cover a range of developments in the animal protein sector. Taking a cross-speciee approach, this CEO-level conference will present developments in feed manufacturing, poultry breeding, pig breeding and aquaculture.

Federation of Asian Veterinary Associations (FAVA) will be holding a seminar with the theme, 'Holistic Approaches to the Livestock Industry in the ASEAN Chapter', featuring international speakers, in the English and Thai languages.

The local branch in the World's Poultry Science Association (WPSA) will hold two parallel sessions - in English - on the poultry industry, one coveirng incubation and poultry health, while the other will be about economics and feeding.

The International Poultry Council Conference will hold its first meeting of 2013 in Bangkok on 11 and 12 March. The programme includes speakers from Rabobank International, G&S AgriConsulting and other leading international organisations.

'Sustainability of the poultry industry' is the theme of a presentation from the International Egg Commission.

As part of the Partner Country Program, there will be seminars focusing on the positioning and competitiveness of the Indonesian poultry and aquatic industries in Asia and investment opportunities in the Philippines' livestock industry.

For full details about VIV Asia and its events programme, click here.

Sponsors and Partners of ThePoultrySite can be found at the following stand numbers: Aviagen, H101.Q002; Big Dutchman, H102.J002; Biomin, H106.F010; Ceva, H104.C002 and H104.C019; CID Lines, H104.B070; Cobb, H102.M002; Groupe Grimaud and Hubbard, H102.L032; Hy-Line International, H101.S002; Merial, H104.C082; MSD Animal Health, H104.B048; Novartis, H104.C048; Pas Reform, H103.G032; Petersime, H103.H002; Vencomatic, H101.R002 and Zoetis (formerly Pfizer), H104.A002.

March 2013

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on March 24, 2013, 07:49:31 AM

USDA International Egg and Poultry

Reports» USDA International Egg and Poultry» USDA International Egg and Poultry: Brazil

20 March 2013
USDA International Egg and Poultry: Brazil
Brazil’s broiler production is expected to recover and grow 2% in 2013 after a 1% decline in 2012. General opinion among trade sources is that Brazil’s economic growth is expected to recover from the poor result of 2012 and that estimated record Brazilian soybean and corn crops should help to mitigate the impact of rising feed costs.

However, sources also identify other concerns that can adversely affect the poultry sector this year: a) squeezed profit margins for producers and processors due to rising feed costs may continue through the first half of this year; b) the high level of consumer debt in Brazil may also undercut domestic demand of animal proteins in general, and c) broiler exports are forecast to increase slowly because of the continued uncertainties in the world economy.

Brazil Broiler Meat PSD in 1,000 MT

Source: Foreign Agricultural Service, Official USDA Estimates

The increase in the cost of broiler production in 2012 is estimated at a record of nearly 40 percent, while the producer price during the same period increased by 46 percent. These reference prices are for Parana state, the largest broiler producer in Brazil with a market share of nearly 28 percent of total broiler slaughter. The increase in the cost of production is basically due to higher feed costs, mostly corn and soybean meal.

Broiler exports are expected to increase by 3% in 2013, driven by higher sales of whole broilers, in general, and chicken parts to China and Hong Kong in particular. Trade sources also expect higher exports to Egypt and Iraq. Brazilian exporters currently have three major concerns affecting the outlook for broiler exports in 2013: a) despite the recent devaluation of the Brazilian currency, higher production costs of broilers during the second half of 2012 and first half of 2013 are expected to impact on the cost of exports; b) uncertainties derived from the world financial crisis, mostly in Europe, and its impact on importing markets will slow growth; and c) specific trade issues with major trading partners such as the Russian Federation (slow relisting of Brazilian poultry plants), Venezuela (payment defaults) and South Africa (application of antidumping tariffs on Brazilian broiler of 62.92% on whole broilers and 46.59% on chicken parts) will continue to negatively affect performance.

Brazil Broiler Meat Exports, in Metric Tons

Note: It includes HTS Codes: 0207.11; 0207.12; 0207.13; 0207.14; 1602.32. Quantity in Product Weight Equivalent (PWE)

Brazil exported broilers to 152 markets in 2012, of which nearly half went to five markets (Saudi Arabia, Japan, Hong Kong, United Arab Emirates, and China). Markets with major increases in 2012 included Egypt, which rose from 72,075 MT in 2011 to 119,326 MT in 2012 and South Korea, which grew from 25,562 MT to 65,296 MT during the same period.

Brazil Meat Consumption

Turkey production is projected to increase by 2% in 2012, mostly driven by a continued growth in exports. Rising feed costs combined with a slowdown in the growth of domestic demand are the main factors currently affecting production growth.

Brazil Turkey Meat PSD in 1,000 MT

Source: Foreign Agricultural Service, Official USDA Estimates

Turkey exports are projected to continue to grow in 2013, but at a reduced rate of growth as the European Union is likely to slow imports from Brazil. In 2012, Brazil exported a record of 170,000 metric tons of turkey, of which the European Union accounted for nearly half of all exports.

Brazil Turkey Meat Exports, in metric tons

Note: It includes HTS Codes: 0207.24; 0207.25; 0207.26; 0207.27; 1602.31
Source: USDA FAS GAIN Reports BR 0901 and BR 0801

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on March 29, 2013, 05:11:47 PM

Weekly Overview: Significant Advances Made in Disease Control
28 March 2013

ANALYSIS - Scientists in the UK have developed a new synthetic vaccine, which is being hailed as the start of a new era in vaccine development. A probiotic undergoing testing as a measure to control necrotic enteritis, and it has been established that MRSA can be transferred from animals to humans. Low-path bird flu has been discovered in the Netherlands and Germany. A new study examines global water use and steps to address water scarcity, and EU labelling laws for foods - including poultry meat - are set to get a lot more complicated.

A new synthetic vaccine could signal a new era in vaccine development. These latest developments are the result of collaborative research between Professor David Stuart, University of Oxford, and Dr Bryan Charleston, Head of Livestock Viral Diseases Programme at The Pirbright Institute.

They have developed an entirely synthetic vaccine that triggers response through minute protein shells.

According to its developers, the development is 'the holy grail' of vaccines as it means that treatments can be developed without relying on the growth of live infectious virus. This will help reduce diseases spreading to disease-free areas and could also alter how viruses from the same family are fought, such as polio.

A strain of probiotic bacteria that can fight harmful bacterial infections in poultry has the ability to change its coat, according to new findings from the Institute of Food Research.

The probiotic is currently being taken forward through farm-scale trials to evaluate how well it combats Clostridium perfringens - a cause of necrotic enteritis in poultry and the second most common cause of food poisoning in the UK.

A new study has shown that MRSA - methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus - can be transmitted from animals to humans.

The study, entitled 'Whole genome sequencing identifies zoonotic transmission of MRSA isolates with the novel mecA homologue mecC', by researchers in the UK and Denmark, also shows the potential of whole genome sequencing in epidemiological investigations and source tracking of bacterial infections.

In the US, campaigning congresswoman, Louise Slaughter, has welcomed the research and has called on the US authorities to react by reducing the use of antibiotics in livestock.

Turning to other topics, last week, last Friday, 22 March, was World Water Day. It is held each year as a means of focusing attention on the importance of freshwater and advocating for the sustainable management of freshwater resources.

At the same time as events were taking place around the world to mark the occasion and to highlight the importance and need for water sustainability, the Worldwatch Institute released a study examining global water use and steps to address water scarcity.

The complexities of food labelling regulations for European food producers and those exporting to the European Union are about to become a whole lot more complex.

Jackie Linden - Senior Editor

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on March 31, 2013, 07:16:12 PM

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Two die in China from a new bird flu strain: Xinhua
Reuters – 19 hours ago..

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A customer carries a chicken bought from a poultry market in Kunming, Yunnan province …

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SHANGHAI (Reuters) - Two people in Shanghai, one of China's largest cities, died this month after contracting a strain of avian influenza that had never been passed to humans before, the official Xinhua News Agency reported on Sunday.

The two men, aged 87 and 27, became sick late February and died in early March. Another woman in nearby Anhui province also contracted the virus in early March and is in a critical condition, Xinhua said, quoting the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC).

The strain of the bird flu virus found in all three people was identified as H7N9, which had not been transmitted to humans before, the commission said.

The three cases were confirmed to be human infection of the H7N9 strain by experts from the NHFPC, based on clinical observation, laboratory tests and epidemiological surveys, Xinhua said.

All three cases showed symptoms of fever and coughs that later developed into pneumonia.

Calls to the NHFPC on Sunday were not answered.

It is unclear how the three victims were infected. The virus does not seem highly contagious because no health abnormalities were detected among 88 of the victims' close contacts, Xinhua quoted the commission as saying.

There are no known vaccines against the H7N9 virus.

(Reporting by Melanie Lee; Editing by Paul Tait)

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on April 06, 2013, 08:16:56 AM

Shanghai Begins Culling Poultry
05 April 2013

CHINA - Authorities in Shanghai on Thursday (4 April) closed a live poultry trading zone in an agricultural products market and began slaughtering all birds there after detecting H7N9 bird flu virus from samples of pigeon from the market.

Meanwhile, a person who had close contact with a dead H7N9 flu patient in Shanghai has been under treatment in quarantine after developing symptoms of fever, running nose and throat itching, the Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission said.

China's Ministry of Agriculture said it found the H7N9 virus from pigeon samples collected at the Huhuai wholesale agricultural products market in Songjiang district of Shanghai.

After gene sequence analysis, the national avian flu reference laboratory concluded that the strain of the H7N9 virus found on pigeons was highly congenetic with those found on persons infected with H7N9 virus, the ministry said.

The Shanghai municipal agricultural commission said it has ordered proper disposal of the culled birds, their excrements and contaminated food as well as disinfection of the market and vehicles that carried them and other things that have contacts with them.

The commission will also investigate and track where the pigeons came from, it said.

Meanwhile, the agency ordered the closure of the live poultry trading areas of two markets in Minhang district after samples there were found with H7 flu virus. Shanghai reported two more deaths from the H7N9 flu Thursday, bringing the death toll from the new deadly strain to five around the country.

The city has reported six infections to date, and four have died, according to the Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission.

Of the rest two, a 67-year-old woman was in critical condition and a four-year-old baby was recovering from mild illness, it added.

Of the latest two deaths, a 52-year-old woman surnamed Yu died at Huashan Hospital on Wednesday and was confirmed infected with the H7N9 strain on Thursday.

Yu developed a low fever on 27 March and sent to an intensive care unit of Huashan Hospital on 2 April. She died on the following day.

The other case involved a 48-year-old man surnamed Chu, a poultry transporter from Rugao in neighboring Jiangsu province.

He developed symptoms of cough on 28 March. After having a fever on Monday, he went to a private clinic for treatment. The man then sought help in the Tongji Hospital in Shanghai in the early hours of Wednesday after his condition worsened.

Chu died three hours after being admitted to the hospital. He was confirmed infected with the H7N9 virus on Thursday. Eight people who had close contact with him have shown no abnormal symptoms.

So far, China has confirmed 14 H7N9 cases - six in Shanghai, four in Jiangsu, three in Zhejiang and one in Anhui, in the first known human infections of the lesser-known strain. Of all, four died in Shanghai and one died in Zhejiang.

China's health authorities have promised transparency and cooperation to the World Health Organization in regards to human infections of the new strain of flu.

The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention said Wednesday that no human-to-human transmission of H7N9 has been discovered and no epidemiological connection between these cases has been found.

Health authorities and hospitals in many Chinese provinces have been on high alert for the virus.

The health authorities in the southern Guangdong province have set up an expert team headed by Zhong Nanshan, a renowned medical expert, to offer advices on epidemic control and prevention.

Zhong, director of the Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, is credited with helping to identify and then stem the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).

In Nanchang, capital of Jiangxi province, which neighbors Zhejiang, five hospitals have been selected and ordered to be ready to treat H7N9 patients, though no cases have been reported there.

South China's Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region has ordered an inventory on medical supplies and respirator deployment for potential H7N9 cases

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on April 12, 2013, 05:39:06 PM

Chickens with Bigger Gizzards Shown to be More Efficient
12 April 2013

FRANCE - According to animal scientists, farmers could further protect the environment by breeding chickens with larger digestive organs. This research, published in the February issue of the "Journal of Animal Science", could solve a major problem in poultry production.

In some areas, large poultry operations release nitrogen and phosphorus into the environment. These pollutants come from chicken waste, and they can cause ecological problems like algal blooms in rivers and lakes.

“These result in a loss of plant and animal species and have negative impacts on the use of water for human consumption,” said study co-author Dr Agnes Narcy in an interview.

Dr Narcy, along with and fellow researchers from the French National Institute For Agricultural Research (INRA) and France’s Center of Agricultural Research for Development (CIRAD), bred chickens to test whether selecting for larger digestive organ size could reduce the amount of waste that the chicken excreted.

The key organs were the proventriculus and the gizzard. The proventriculus is a stomach-like organ that softens food using acids and digestive enzymes. The gizzard is a compartment with thick, muscular walls that grinds food. Together, these organs prepare foods for digestion in the small intestine.

Dr Narcy and fellow researchers hypothesized that chickens with larger, better functioning digestive organs would absorb more nutrients from their feed and therefore produce less waste. To test this hypothesis, the researchers selected chickens and raised three lines with differing abilities to digest feed.

After rearing nine generations of each line, the researchers found that chickens with larger digestive organs ate less feed and produced less waste. The researchers concluded that selecting for this trait could make poultry production more environmentally and economically sustainable. They say that a farmer raising 20,000 chickens could save 9.76 tons of feed per hatch.

“Furthermore, such selection would not affect body composition and meat and bone quality traits at slaughter age,” said Dr Narcy.

Dr Narcy said the next step is for animal scientists to identify the genes that control digestive efficiency in chickens. By pinpointing the right genes, researchers could help farmers select the most efficient chickens for breeding.

This study is titled Reducing the environmental impact of poultry breeding by genetic selection.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on April 21, 2013, 02:43:50 PM

Chicken Prices Skyrocket in West Bank
19 April 2013

PALESTINIAN TERRITORY - The Palestinian National Authority (PNA) authorised on Thursday (18 April) Palestinian traders to import live chicken from Israel after the price of a single kilogram of chicken passed 22 Shekels in the West Bank markets, representing an increase of 37.5 per cent from the normal price of chickens which were 16 Shekels per kilogram.

Gulfnews.com reports that the Palestinian Ministry of National Economy and Ministry of Agriculture have agreed to the importation during this market crisis.

The two ministries instructed traders to come up with medical and vet certificates, financial clearance letters and import permits and to start importing live chicken from Israel at the earliest. The two ministries said the target price in the West Bank markets is 18 Shekels and that they are hoping that the chicken price will drop shortly.

A senior official at the Ministry of Agriculture attributed the increase in the chicken price in the West Bank to an 80 per cent increase in the price of

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on April 26, 2013, 03:57:31 PM

Glycerol in Diet Improves Broiler Growth, Efficiency
26 April 2013

TURKEY - Glycerol inclusion at 40 or 80g per kg of diet can be used as an effective source of energy in broilers, especially from 0 to 21 days of age, according to new research from Turkey. There were no significant effects on carcass yield although the lipid content of one leg muscle was reduced by glycerol.

In a study published in Journal of Applied Poultry Research, E. Topal of the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and M. Ozdogan from Adnan Menderes University report their evaluation of the effect of various amounts of crude glycerol on the growth performance, internal organ weights and chemical composition of drumstick muscles of broiler chickens.

A total of 360 Ross 308 broiler chicks (day-old) received diets with 0, 40 or 80g of glycerol per kg of diet for 42 days.

Body weight gain was improved (P<0.01) with the inclusion of 40 or 80g of glycerol per kg of diet at 21 days. Broilers fed the diet with 80g of glycerol per kg had the highest (P<0.05) bodyweight gains at 42 days.

These levels of crude glycerol did not statistically affect feed consumption but the inclusion of glycerol improved the feed conversion ratio at 0 to 21 days of age and 0 to 42 days of age (P<0.05).

No negative effect of glycerol inclusion was observed on the carcass yield or the internal organ weights of broilers except for the heart weight of males.

Glycerol inclusion at 40 or 80g per of diet can be used as an effective source of energy in broilers, especially from 0 to 21 days of age, according to the researchers.

They added that inclusion of glycerol significantly decreased ether extract in the drumstick muscles of both males (P<0.05) and females (P<0.01).

Reference

Topal E. and M. Ozdogan. 2013. Effects of glycerol on the growth performance, internal organ weights, and drumstick muscle of broilers. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 22(1):146-151. doi: 10.3382/japr.2012-00589

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on May 04, 2013, 07:02:04 PM

Genetic Selection for Leg Soundness in Broilers is Feasible
03 May 2013

US - A new study shows that it is possible to select for improved leg soundness in broilers without having a significant adverse effects on bodyweight or carcass traits.

Simultaneous genetic improvement in leg soundness and innovative husbandry practices should improve broiler welfare without significant adverse effects on production efficiency. That is the conclusion of new research at the University of Georgia in Athens.

A multiple trait linear-threshold model has been used by R. Rekaya of the University of Georgia and co-authors there and with Cobb-Vantress Inc. to analyse data for bodyweight, residual feed intake, breast meat yield (BMY), conformation score (CS), area (AR), tibial dyschondroplasia, valgus, varus, and rotated tibia. Leg soundness traits were considered as binary responses.

Their work was published recently in Poultry Science. At the liability scale, the model included the fixed effects of flock-week of hatch, and sex of the bird and the genetic additive effect, and the error terms as random. The random maternal effect was included in the model only for bodyweight.

A full Bayesian implementation of the model was straightforward even though large number of traits and missing records were present, report the researchers.

As expected, binary traits have the lowest heritability. Heritability ranged from 0.12 for tibial dyschondroplasia to 0.44 for BMY.

Genetic correlations between bodyweight and conformation traits were moderate to high.

Residual feed intake was negatively correlated with bodyweight (−0.15), AR (−0.13), BMY (−0.04), and CS (−0.12).

Genetic correlation between leg soundness traits were generally low and negative with the exception of the correlation between valgus and varus (−0.70) and between varus and rotated tibia (−0.39).

Genetic correlations between bodyweight, BMY, CS, and AR with leg soundness traits were in general negative and low in magnitude.

Selecting for improved leg soundness will have minimal effect on bodyweight and carcass traits, concluded Rekaya and co-authors. Furthermore, genetic improvement in residual feed intake will result in improvements in carcass traits.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on May 11, 2013, 04:34:28 PM

Antibiotic Resistance in Egg Farm Study Raises Concerns
10 May 2013

INDIA - About three per cent of egg and environmental samples from farms in Bareilly were found to be positive for Salmonella but the relatively high antibiotic resistance among the bacteria was raised as a concern by scientists carrying out the study.

The prevalence of Salmonella bacteria at egg farms was found to be low by Renu Singh of the Central Avian Research Institute in Izatnagar and co-authors there and at M J.P. Rohilkhand University in Bareilly and Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History in Coimbatore. However, they express concern that the relatively high resistance among the bacteria present in poultry could pose a risk to public health as well as therapeutic problems to consumers.

Their latest study, published in Food Control, was carried out to detect Salmonella spp. contamination of poultry and poultry environmental samples from layer farms in Bareilly and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profiles and serotype distribution of the isolates.

A total of 720 samples of egg, feed, water, cloaca and faeces were collected and screened for the presence of Salmonella.

Twenty-four (3.3 per cent) of the samples tested were found to be positive for Salmonella. Out of 180 chicken eggs, 120 poultry feed samples, 120 poultry water samples, 120 faecal samples and 180 cloacal swabs, the isolation frequencies of Salmonella spp. were 3.3 per cent, 2.5 per cent, 3.3 per cent, 2.5 per cent and 4.4 per cent, respectively.

Among the isolates, Salmonella Typhimurium was the predominant serovar.

The antibiogram testing revealed differential multi-drug resistance among Salmonella isolates in poultry and poultry environment samples. All the isolates were resistant to clindamycin, oxacillin, penicillin and vancomycin whereas sensitivity was recorded for ampicillin, enrofloxacin and colistin.

As a result, the relatively high resistance among the bacteria present in poultry could pose public health and therapeutic problems to consumers as potential vehicles of resistant Salmonella foodborne infections, concluded Singh and co-authors.

Reference

Singh R., A.S. Yadav, V. Tripathi and R.P. Singh. 2013. Antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella present in poultry and poultry environment in north India. Food Control. 33(2):545–548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.03.041

a 243122, U.P., Indiab Department of Animal Science,

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on May 19, 2013, 03:13:43 PM

Human H7N9 Cases Linked to Poultry or Live Markets
17 May 2013

CHINA - Researchers have established a clear link between 12 cases of human cases of influenza A(H7N9) and direct exposure to poultry or live poultry markets in Huzhou city.

Researchers have analysed the association between influenza A(H7N9) confirmed cases and exposure to poultry in Huzhou city in Zhejiang province.

The main authors of the paper, pulbished in Eurosurveillance, were based at Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai.

All cases (n=12) had a history of direct exposure to poultry or live poultry markets.

They detected A(H7N9)-positive poultry samples from each site that was epidemiologically associated with cases.

None of the cases’ close contacts tested positive.

After closure of the markets, no new cases were identified, suggesting an epidemiological link between poultry exposure and A(H7N9) virus infection.

Reference

Han J., M. Jin, P. Zhang, J. Liu, L. Wang, D. Wen X. Wu, G. Liu, Y. Zou, X. Lv, X. Dong, B. Shao, S. Gu, D. Zhou, Q. Leng, C. Zhang and K Lan. 2013. Epidemiological link between exposure to poultry and all influenza A(H7N9) confirmed cases in Huzhou city, China, March to May 2013. Eurosurveillance. 18(20):pii=20481.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on July 24, 2013, 07:15:34 AM

Pakistan Poultry Sector Shows Great Export Potential
24 July 2013

PAKISTAN - Federal Minister for the Ministry of National Food Security and Research Sikandar Hayat Khan Bosan said that Pakistan has great export potential in the poultry industry and can also benefit from growing demand for Halal food the world over.

Daily Times reports that the Minister expressed these views during a meeting with a delegation of poultry industry here at the ministry.

Earlier, the Minister was briefed on the state of poultry industry by K&N’s Chief Executive Khalil Sattar.

Mr Sattar said that the contribution of the poultry industry in gross domestic product (GDP) was 1.7 per cent while at the same time it was providing 1.7 million jobs to skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers.

Moreover, the poultry industry has also played a pivotal role in alleviating poverty by improving rural economy.

While discussing ways for sustainable growth in poultry production, the delegation requested the federal minister to take notice of the dearth of well-equipped veterinary laboratories at the district level, particularly in intensive poultry producing areas of the country.

The minister assured the delegation that steps would be taken to introduce modern diagnostic facilities in required areas to improve poultry output.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on July 27, 2013, 02:27:11 PM

India's Poultry Market is Booming
26 July 2013
Indbro - Research and Breeding Farms Private Limited

INDIA - In a review of the country's poultry industry, Dr T. Kotaiah writes that, between 2003 and 2012, the human population of India has gone up from 1.06 to 1.2 billion and is growing.

Fortunately, the economy of the country has been healthy and the purchasing capacity of the average Indian is on the rise, writes Dr Kotaiah. Furthermore, the food requirements of the country are growing. Consumption of non-vegetarian food goes up with increasing purchasing power. Most Indians are now in a position to buy chicken and eggs at reasonable prices. The open market policy of the government opened access to the best of the products in the world and also created pressure on local producers in terms of quality production.

The policy of self-sufficiency pursued for the last 60 years by the Government of India has been paying off and India does not import the basic food ingredients like food grains. Grain production of the country is on the rise although it represents just 2.5 per cent of agricultural output. India is self-sufficient in grains and is also exporting. The export of grains is resulting in the price rise of the grains within the country, which is benefiting and encouraging arable farmers to stick to agriculture activity and improve.

The animal production industry has to put up with the prices but the rising price of grains and oilseeds is creating enormous pressure on the livestock sector by increasing the cost of production. Only two of the livestock sectors are commercialised in India: the dairy sector consisting of buffaloes is under tremendous pressure between rapidly increasing input costs and slow increase of the price of milk while the poultry sector is most promising in terms of organised production and efficiency. The industry is maintaining the growth of eight to 12 per cent annually in spite of increasing input costs and not that fast improvement of the poultry products. The prices of eggs and chicken are also on the rise.

If we examine the rise in prices of eggs compared with layer feed prices, we can see the squeeze between the increased in feed prices against the rise in egg prices. Similar is the case with the broiler feed prices and the farm-gate broiler prices.

Feed - now representing 70 per cent of the total cost of production - is going up at a faster rate than the prices of eggs and chicken meat. The production rise is still phenomenal in spite of the above situation. Besides feed, the cost of other inputs like labour and power has also gone up.

The poultry industry can be divided in to two distinct entities and the mitigation strategies are different for both.

Layer Industry

India is the third largest producer of table eggs in numbers after China and US. It has recently overtaken Mexico, which was the third largest egg producer.

Commercial layers in India are predominately white (>95 per cent). Few brown layers introduced could not maintain the market share due to higher feed intake and no price advantage for brown eggs.

Layer birds bred and adapted to Indian climate, feed and the market situation holds the largest share. International brands like Bovans, Lohmann and Hyline are also present in the market. The grandparents (GP) of the multinational brands are imported and multiplied.

Layer chick placements remained constant for three years between 2004 and 2006 due to bird flu but have been going up steadily since. The placement of layer chicks was about 140 million in 2002 which rose to 220 million by 2012.

All commercial layer birds are in cages. Three-tier California cages in raised floor houses are common. Due to environment issues and the pressure of expansion, closed housed with multi-tier cages, mechanised egg collection, automatic feeding and manure-drying are being examined for their economic viability. The individual house capacity is usually 100,000 birds.

Around 70 per cent of the layer farming is in the southern states. The lower land prices and grain prices as well as less variation in seasonal climates are the reasons for the distribution. Separate brood/grow facilities situated in the closed vicinity is the order of the day. The growing areas are used on 'all in, all out' basis. Layer flocks are mostly in multi-age group farms.

The number of vaccinations for the layers have been going up with growing awareness of new diseases and new variants of the same disease. Many vaccines are imported but there are vaccine manufacturing companies in India. Bivalent Marek’s vaccines are prevalent, yet “Rispens” is not permitted for use. India does not vaccinate against highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI) but rather practices a 'stamping-out' policy in case out outbreaks. There is government monitoring system for AI guided by OIE regulations.

Least-cost formulations are used to feed layer birds and there is a constant search for cheaper, unconventional feed materials. Feed prices fluctuate during the year, with the grain becoming cheaper during the harvest and more expensive again just before the beginning of the crop season. Many layer farmers concentrate on bulk purchase of grains in season to save costs. More than one grain is being used. Most layer feeds are low-energy rations, having around 2,400 kcal of energy.

The eggs are being sold in numbers. Grading, packing and branding is not widespread. Few attempts to sell them as graded and value-added eggs have not been very successful due to limited cost-effectiveness in pricing and volume of sales.

Layer farming is concentrated around few areas and lot of eggs move from place to place within the country. Various state governments are moving to enhance the local availability of eggs by giving incentives to farming. Exports of table eggs went up during 2002-2004 but is not increasing due to trade restrictions from the buying countries. India has half a dozen egg powder plants exporting egg powder. Many state governments are implementing midday meal schemes and serve eggs in the menu for the school children. Eggs are also served as a part of the hospital food. Eggs and bread is the popular “fast-food”, which enhances the consumption of eggs enormously.

With good farming practices, production is up to 320 eggs per hen housed in a 365-day laying cycle. The average production of hen is calculated at 300 eggs per hen housed.

Per-capita consumption of eggs has gone up from 36 in 2002 to 48 in 2012.

To increase the availability of eggs in the rural areas, backyard poultry backed with “mother units” is being encouraged by the governments as an alternative system of poultry production to augment egg production while addressing the health issues in poultry.

Broiler Production

India is the fourth largest broiler producer after China, US and Brazil.

There has been a phenomenal increase in broiler production between 2002 to 2012 in spite of the crisis that arose out of bird flu scare in 2004-2006.

Parent breeder placements are estimated to be 30 million in 2012 against 1.5 million in 2002. They are concentrated in a few pockets and there is a heavy movement of hatching eggs to less productive areas. There are more than 500 breeding farms in the country housing the broiler parent stocks. The numbers went up sharply from 2007 to 2010 due to raising demand in chicks. The numbers have since stagnated due to reduced chick sales. The numbers are being compensated by enhanced capacities by few breeding units who grow their own chicks as a part of their downward integration. The stagnation could be a short gap after sharp rise due to changing trends in placements.

Most of the broiler breeders are in cages with artificial insemination. Best of the breeding flocks produce up to 200 hatching eggs and 160 chicks. Excellent health standards are maintained and there are 'all in, all out' breeder flock units. Two-tier California cages in open-sided raised-floor houses are common. Due to the raising concern about the environment, trials on closed houses with multi-tier cages are being put up as an alternative cost-effective housing system. Power availability/cost, success in manure handling and artificial insemination result in multi-tier cages will decide on the future systems.

Most - 93 per cent - of broilers are marketed live in India and so there is limited opportunity to transport birds to distant locations. Hence, local integrators are coming up with huge volumes of parent stock and broiler rearing. The biggest of them have more than one million parent stock producing more than one 100,000 chicks a day.

All multi-national brands of broiler chicks are available in India produced from imported grandparents. Aviagen has established a great grandparent (GGP) farm in India. There are local pure line breeding programmes running in India, producing birds scientifically in open-sided houses with lower energy feeds. Indian-bred birds dominate the replacements.

All the commercial broiler chicks are raised on deep litter on 'all in, all out' basis. In 2002, 80 per cent of the chicks produced were sold as day-old chicks and the farmers were rearing them. In 2012, the number of chicks sold has come down to 50 per cent and the rest are reared by the companies who hatch them as a part of integrated production. The trend shows that the shift in rearing may continue.

Due to large-scale rearing of broilers, reduced production cycle and marketing live birds, the live broiler market has remained speculative. Single flock-growers lose money when the prices are down and cannot realise the benefit of high prices prevailing for few weeks. Larger scale rearing companies are going in for contract farming to utilise the same facility to increase their volumes. The small growers are becoming a part of the big company which is proving to be healthy growth of the industry.

Broiler feed, which used to be all mash, is being processed in to crumbles and pellets. Efficient feeds rather than least-cost formulations are favoured. Feed conversion ratio and overall cost of production are considered more important than the cost of feed alone. Broiler rearing companies are establishing large feed processing plants. Most of the pre-starter and starter feed is steamed and crumbled. FCRs are coming down - from 2.0 in 2002 to 1.75 in 2012, with the best of the flock recording 1.5 at 2.0kg bodyweight.

Broiler farms are open-sided; controlled houses are not even five per cent of the total volume. The main reason being the live bird market into which the birds reared under climate-controlled houses do not fit in besides the high capital costs and power requirements involved.

Live broiler markets fluctuate seasonally. Summer prices are high due to reduced production and availability under open-housing system. Festive seasons record low prices due to reduced consumption as some sects abstain from eating meat during this time.

Only seven per cent of the broilers are further processed into chicken products. This volume is not going up due to lack of cold chain availability and traditional consumption habits. People still like to buy a live bird slaughter and cook in their own way.

Future Prospects

The outlook for poultry production in India looks bright. The growth of layer business is estimated at six per cent and broilers at 12 per cent annually. Government policies to augment domestic grain production and ensure the availability to the poultry sector without exporting the grains directly will encourage the industry to grow.

India may not be an exporting country for eggs and chicken but the industry can assure feeding the more than one billion human population with quality eggs and chicken at cheaper prices than anywhere else in the world.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on August 03, 2013, 07:44:58 PM

Risk Factors Hens Face When Laying Eggs on the Floor
02 August 2013

UK - Hens usually prefer to lay their eggs in nests but it is not unusual for some eggs to be laid on the floor of the hen house or on the ground and in some cases the incidence of floor eggs can be quite high.

A new study aims to identify the most important risk factors for floor laying in hens and explore whether any of the methods that are currently employed by farmers to deal with the problem actually work.

The survey, led by academics in the University of Bristol’s School of Veterinary Sciences, hopes to find out from egg producing farmers how widespread the floor egg problem is in UK farms and to gather information about what factors might affect the issue.

The researchers would particularly like to understand if there is any association between the severity of the floor eggs issue and areas, such as:
1.Different breeds of hens, i.e. whether there is a genetic influence.
2.The level and type of intervention by the farmer to reduce the number of floor eggs.
3.General flock management practices, such as diet and husbandry.
4.Housing conditions.
5.The age of hens when they come into lay and peak in their production.

Margarita Maltseva-Williams, a postgraduate in Clinical Veterinary Science, who is leading the study, said: "Very little research has been done on why some hens lay their eggs on the floor of the hen house or on the ground and as far as I am aware this is the first survey to explore the issue on commercials farms.

"Floor laying in hens can be a real problem for farmers and we hope the findings from our study will help them and their flocks in the future."

Floor eggs can have increased risk of being soiled by manure or being cracked. They may also not be found quickly by the egg collector. Consequently, floor eggs are more likely to be contaminated by bacteria, which reduces their shelf life and makes them more likely to carry food-borne pathogens. Broken floor eggs may also trigger egg eating by birds in the flock, which can be hard to stop once it starts.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on August 11, 2013, 06:45:28 PM

Featured Articles

High Dietary Levels of Biotin and Zinc to Improve Health of Foot Pads in Broilers Exposed to Litter with Critical Moisture Content
06 August 2013

Experiments designed to induce foot pad dermatitis show the benefits of higher levels of zinc (especially in the form of zinc methionine) and biotin in the diet to minimise the risk and severity of this important welfare issue.

Foot pad dermatitis (FPD) is a widespread problem in poultry production and constitutes a welfare issue.

In Poultry Science recently, A. Abd El-Wahab from the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation in Germany and co-authors at Egypt's Mansoura University and Lohmann Animal Health published their study with the objective to test potentially prophylactic effects of higher biotin and zinc levels in the diet of broilers exposed to critical litter moisture content (35 per cent water) on the development of FPD.

Two trials were performed in each of four groups of one-week-old male broilers (Ross 708) for 33 days. The pens of all groups (25 birds in each) were littered with wood shavings of critical moisture content.

Two groups were fed high levels of zinc as zinc oxide (150mg per kg of diet), with normal levels of biotin (300µg per kg of diet) or high biotin (2,000µg per kg of diet). The other two groups were fed zinc as zinc-methionine (150mg per kg of diet) with normal levels of biotin (300µg per kg of diet) or high biotin (2,000µg per kg of diet).

External assessment of foot pads and measurements the moisture contents of excreta and litter were performed weekly. The signs of foot pad lesions were recorded on a seven-point scale (0 = normal skin; 7 = more than half of the foot pad is necrotic).

High biotin supplementation resulted in a reduction of 30 and 18 per cent of cases of foot pad lesions in trials 1 and 2, respectively.

The combination of zinc methionine and high biotin supplementation led to a decreased severity of FPD in a range of about 50 and 30 per cent in trials 1 and 2, respectively.

In broilers fed the diet containing zinc oxide and normal biotin levels, about 28 and 24 per cent of the birds had the scores of 6 and 7 (= high foot pad alterations), whereas in birds fed zinc methionine and high biotin, no high alterations (score = 7) in the foot pad (0 per cent) occurred in either trial.

The reearchers say their results suggest that it is advisable to combine the maximum levels of zinc - especially in the form of zinc methionine - and high levels of biotin when clinically relevant alterations in the foot pad occur.

Reference

Abd El-Wahab A., D. Radko and J. Kamphues. 2013.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on August 18, 2013, 05:12:49 PM

Cobb Invests in New Facilities for Product Development
15 August 2013
Cobb

NETHERLANDS - New and upgraded facilities for product development are being established by Cobb in the Netherlands, adding to the extensive provision for trials in the country.

Simmes broiler trials farm at Flevoland in Central Holland

The facilities for parent stock will be centred in a new facility near Eindhoven in southern Netherlands, studying all aspects of broiler breeder management, while a new commercial broiler unit in Flevoland in central Netherlands will focus on how to achieve optimum results from the Cobb500.

This investment takes place as construction work progresses on a €13 million ($16m) project to double the size of the Cobb pedigree breeding complex at Herveld, in the province Gelderland. The enlarged complex will have 26 rearing, production and broiler development houses built to comply with the tightest biosecurity standards. The labour force is being increased to 100 to cope with the enlarged programme developing Cobb products for future market needs.

Roy Mutimer, general manager of Cobb Europe commented: "These very significant investments in the Netherlands are part of our continuing commitment to the broiler industries of Europe, Middle East and Africa. These facilities will enable us to continue to provide our customers with the best technical advice and most balanced products for many years to come."

The trials facility includes one house with 26 different compartments to accommodate males and females through the hatching egg production cycle from 20 weeks to 60 weeks of age. The pullets will be reared in a separate unit on site, so reducing the disease risk. Individual feeding and drinking provision for each compartment enables the uptake to be measured separately. Eggs are collected by compartment and automatically marked. Automatic bird weighing will give accurate daily data that will help in providing bodyweight curves to achieve optimum results.

The commercial broiler unit is an addition to two broiler trial farms that Cobb uses as part of the research and development programme in the Netherlands. This farm, with capacity for 40,000 broilers, is constructed to the highest Cobb specifications and provides 25 different sections with separate recording of feed and water uptake and weight by individual pen.

"This facility will provide a true commercial environment which is vital to understand how different breeds perform in the field, said Tom Procter, product manager of Cobb Europe. "A multiple silo enables the feed trials to review nutritional requirements of the Cobb500 broiler to help achieve optimum economic performance. Ventilation and heating is installed to Cobb global specifications, with a heat exchange system adding to the farm’s sustainability."

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on August 25, 2013, 05:43:03 PM

Cobb Continues to Advance in Oman
23 August 2013
Cobb

OMAN - Oman is the latest Middle East country where the Cobb500 broiler breeder is rapidly gaining ground, helping the drive for self-sufficiency.

"Traditionally Oman has been a large importer of broiler hatching eggs, with around a quarter of India’s hatching egg exports going there," said Euan Meldrum, marketing manager of Cobb Europe. "This is now changing as the industry embarks on an ambitious expansion programme with the Cobb500 now 100 percent of their parent stock.

"The country’s 3.1 million people eat an average of around 20kg of poultry a year and, with production on course to quadruple in ten years, it will be more than 50 per cent self-sufficient by 2015."

The sales growth in Oman follows the plan by Al Watania Poultry, the largest chicken producer in the Middle East, to establish a Cobb grandparent operation in Saudi Arabia that will this year begin supplying its own broiler breeder requirements.

"The Cobb500 is ideally suited to the Middle East region, adapting well to warmer climates with integrators benefiting from the breed’s efficiency right through the production chain from high chick numbers to yield advantage in the processing plant," added Euan Meldrum.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on September 02, 2013, 03:00:53 PM

Caribbean Broilers in Aggressive Smart Eggs Push
02 September 2013

JAMAICA - Smart Eggs maker Caribbean Broilers (CB) is offering egg breakfast dishes to Jamaicans for free as part of an aggressive promotional campaign for the brand.

Jamaica Observer reports that the campaign will also see the food company partnering with local restaurants, each of which will feature their own unique Smart Eggs menu. Kristina Kerr, director of Market Me, which represents the brand, told Caribbean Business Report that the initiative is aimed at highlighting that eggs are "healthy and affordable" while building brand recognition for Smart Eggs, which claims to be the first and only Omega 3- enriched egg currently on the domestic market.

"We have been out since January 2012 and we still see that customers don't really understand the brand and what the differences are," Ms Kerr said. "We are aiming to increase the awareness of the brand in the market and highlight the differences between Smart Eggs and other eggs available."

A branded mobile vending cart, 'The Smart Cart', will feature prominently in the campaign, making the rounds to popular businesses, schools and fitness locations, serving up easy and quick breakfast items, including egg sandwiches and scrambled eggs, free of charge.

The Smart Egg team came to the Jamaica Observer offices on Wednesday.

Café Blue, Fromage Gourmet Market, and Toss n' Roll are among the restaurants that the Smart Eggs brand has partnered with to enhance consumption.

Jason Sharp, managing director of Café Blue, stated that the restaurant prides itself on supporting local industries and providing "fresh" and "healthy" menu offerings.

"With Smart Eggs on our menu we can offer an even healthier option for our existing egg lovers by still providing them with their favourite Café Blue treats using Omega 3-enriched eggs," Mr Sharp said.

Smart Eggs will be continuously updating its Facebook, Twitter and Instagram accounts with the location of the Smart Cart and the new options available on its menu.

Omega 3 Fatty Acids have been found to have a myriad of health benefits, including lowering blood pressure, lowering cholesterol, decreasing inflammation and lubricating joints.

CB launched Smart Eggs only months after inking a deal to acquire Chippenham Park Eggs, which gave it just under six per cent of the egg production and distribution business. The company aimed to leverage its marketing resources to push consumption closer to double the industry's capacity.

"Currently, the island's egg industry produces approximately 11 million dozen eggs annually and the CB Group, through Chippenham Park Eggs, hopes to play a major role growing the market to well over 20 million dozen," said Mark Haskins, CB Group's CEO, in a press statement at the time.

He added: "By educating the public as to how good eggs are for your mind and body, we will grow the local demand, and in turn, that will require all egg producers to collectively produce more eggs to satisfy this same demand."

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on September 07, 2013, 06:36:24 AM

GLOBAL POULTRY TRENDS 2013 - Asia Produces One-third of World's Broilers
03 September 2013

Global Poultry Trends 2012

Global growth in chicken meat production is slowing down but Asia maintains its share of the total, according to long-time industry watcher, Terry Evans, in the new series of 'Global Poultry Trends' for ThePoultrySite in 2013.

Global poultry meat output is expected to amount to 106.4 million tonnes in 2013, according to a forecast made by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO). Growth has slowed annually since 2010 from around 4.5 per cent to 1.8 per cent this year. Chicken meat output accounts for some 88 per cent of world poultry meat production.

World chicken meat production (table birds plus culled layers) will likely exceed 93 million tonnes in 2013 while, according to United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) estimates, broiler meat output will amount to around 84.6 million tonnes (Table 1).

The FAO data is for 'indigenous production', which is being defined as the output from home-grown birds, plus the meat equivalent of such birds exported live.

Click to view larger image

The rate of industry growth in chicken meat production has slowed dramatically in recent years. Between 2009 and 2011, the annual increase averaged around four per cent. However, 2012 witnessed a slowing down to about 1,.8 per cent while, in the current year, the gain will likely be under two per cent. Next year will likely witness a similar rate of increase with global chicken meat output coming close to 95 million tonnes.

In 2013, output in the Americas should exceed 41 million tonnes, while an increase in Asia will push production towards 31 million tonnes and in 2014, it should exceed 31 million tonnes or around 33 per cent of the world total (Table 1 and Figure 1). But, it must be appreciated that growth in this region is largely dependent upon what happens in China.

Figure 1. Indigenous chicken meat production in Asia and the world (million tonnes)

While the data provided by the FAO includes estimates of backyard production and also culled layers in the chicken meat totals, the USDA figures relate only to broiler output, the 2013 forecast of 84.6 million tonnes pointing to an increase of 2.2 per cent over the latest estimate for 2012 of 82.8 million tonnes (Table 1). A breakdown of this data reveals that the main contributions to growth over 2012 will come from increases of almost 400,000 tonnes and 350,000 tonnes in the US and China respectively, some 260,000 tonnes in India and nearly 200,000 tonnes in Brazil.

The demand for poultry is expected to continue growing in developing economies, particularly in India and China, reflecting population increases, improved disposable incomes and consumer taste preferences.

Global population growth has slowed to around one per cent a year. In developed countries, it is expected to average only 0.4 per cent a year between 2012 and 2022. While the growth in developing countries will also decline, it will be significantly higher than in the rest of the world. Hence it is considered that they will account for 82 per cent of the world’s population by 2022 compared with 74 per cent back in 1980.

Diseases, and in particular avian influenza, which appears to be endemic in some Asian countries, remain an important factor depressing supplies. However, it has been the spiralling costs of feed that have had the biggest influence on global chicken meat output in recent times. Fortunately, an anticipated increase in global supplies of coarse grains and soybeans for 2013/14, points to some easing in feed ingredient prices as this year progresses.

An Alltech survey on global feed production in 2012 concluded that total animal feed output in that year amounted to 959 million tonnes. Poultry accounted for the largest share with 411 million tonnes or 43 per cent, having grown by around eight per cent from the 2011 estimate. Of the poultry total, 60 per cent was for broilers, the remainder being fed to the other poultry classes.

A further positive sign to give demand a boost is the likelihood that disposable incomes may grow in some countries. However, in many instances, chicken producers’ profits will depend on careful supply management, as too rapid growth could plunge industries back into losses.

Chicken Meat Production Trends in Asia

In the 11 years since 2000, Asia’s chicken meat industry expanded by some 4.3 per cent annually compared with a global figure of less than four per cent. Consequently, Asia’s share of the world total increased from a little less than 32 per cent to a shade above 33 per cent, as output climbed from 18.7 million tonnes to 29.6 million tonnes. The upward trend has continued such that this year, chicken meat production in Asia will approach 31 million tonnes, while 2014 output will exceed this, just about maintaining its 33 per cent share of the forecast global total.

In 2011, nine Asian countries produced more than one million tonnes of chicken meat with a combined production of almost 24.5 million tonnes, representing over 82 per cent of the regional total. China alone, with an output estimated at 12.3 million tonnes, accounted for more than 41 per cent (Tables 2 and 3).

Click to view larger image

Click to view larger image

The USDA makes estimates of broiler production for a number of countries in this region, the top eight are shown in Table 4 and Figure 2. In some instances. these figures are broadly in line with the FAO’s chicken meat estimates. However, China, India and Japan are significant exceptions, as the USDA figures point to larger production for China and India but much less in Iran.

Again, underlining the difficulties when in comparing data from different sources, it should be noted that the USDA production data only applies to mainland China, while the FAO figures include Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR and Taiwan.

Click to view larger image

China is easily the leading producer in the region and despite outbreaks of avian influenza and a weaker domestic demand, output, according to the USDA, is expected to top 14 million tonnes this year (Table 4).

The avian influenza outbreak proved extremely costly to the industry, causing the China Development Bank to issue emergency loans to poultry companies, while the central government announced subsidies to support poultry processors as live bird markets were closed and poultry demand slumped.

Nevertheless, according to a Rabobank report: "The poultry sector has great growth potential thanks to changing food preferences, a growing demand for quick-service restaurants and the emergence of the frozen processed food sector."

While vertical integrated production is increasing, the bulk of output continues to come from contract producers.

Based on USDA data, between 2000 and 2011 China’s industry has expanded by almost 3.3 per cent a year - compared with a little less than three per cent by FAO - and although it is anticipated that this rate will likely slow to 2.6 per cent in 2013, next year should push broiler output towards 14.5 million tonnes. However, based on FAO data, chicken output in 2014 will be closer to 13.5 million tonnes.

Figure 2. Leading broiler meat producers in Asia ('000 tonnes)

India’s chicken meat industry is one of the fastest growing in the world. Although the tonnage estimates by the USDA and FAO differ quite markedly, both sets of figures show a growth trend from 2000 to 2011 of around nine per cent a year. While, in keeping with other poultry industries around the world, India’s producers have had to adjust to much higher feed costs, domestic forecasters confidently predict growth to continue at between eight and 10 per cent a year, with the USDA putting this year’s broiler output at around 3.4 million tonnes.

The FAO/USDA figures on chicken/broiler meat output in Indonesia for the period 2000 to 2011 are almost identical. Since 2010, production growth has slumped from almost four per cent a year to less than one per cent for 2013 for which the USDA’s estimate stands at 1.6 million tonnes.

Broiler production in Malaysia has hardly increased since 2010 and currently is still short of the million tonnes a year mark. However, the FAO puts chicken meat output considerably higher at 1.4 million tonnes.

Although Japan is an important producer, annual output is flat at around 1.4 million tonnes.

After a human case of avian influenza in Taiwan, the authorities, in a move to limit contact between humans and chickens, imposed a ban (with a few exceptions) on the slaughter of poultry in the traditional 'wet' markets. Annual production has declined in recent years to around 550,000 tonnes.

The recovery in Thailand’s industry - evident since 2004 - looks likely to continue this year. Broiler output escalated from around 900,000 tonnes in 2004 to a record 1.55 million tonnes in 2012, while the latest USDA forecast for 2013 points to it nudging up to 1.56 million tonnes. (Table 4 and Figure 2).

Production in Turkey, while showing an overall medium-term growth of more than eight per cent a year since 2000, appears to have increased in spurts with large rises for one and sometimes two years, followed by a period of much slower growth. Hence, 2010 and 2011 witnessed gains of 14 per cent and 13 per cent, respectively, followed by an increase of less than five per cent in 2012, while for 2013, the USDA forecasts a rise of below one per cent at 1.7 million tonnes.

According to FAO data chicken meat output in Iran has risen by some seven per cent a year from 804,000 tonnes in 2000 to almost 1.7 million tonnes in 2011. This contrasts markedly with the USDA figures for broiler output showing an expansion of just 2.6 per cent a year from 540,000 tonnes to 820,000 tonnes in 2013.

September 2013

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on October 01, 2013, 10:32:27 AM

Weekly Overview: EU Poultry Industry Discovers Where the Paella Features Chicken
26 September 2013

GLOBAL - The Spanish city of Valencia hosted the annual meeting of the European poultry producers and exporters association last week, providing food for thought on a variety of topics. There has been political agreement on the EU's Common Agricultural Policy, which represents a significant step towards it becoming a reality. Nepal's poultry industry, meanwhile, is struggling with multiple outbreaks of H5N1 bird flu.

The 56th General Assembly of the Association of Poultry Processors and Poultry Trade in the EU (AVEC) was held in the splendid city of Valencia last week - an appropriate location as the local version of one of Spain's iconic national dishes, paella, features chicken instead of the more usual seafood [pictured].

With nearly 130 participants representing 14 countries and a fine and varied programme of presentations, AVEC's annual General Assembly was hailed as a great success for the organising hosts.

The theme of the meeting, explained Federico Félix, was 'Continuing the success of poultry learning from research and practice'. Mr Félix is the President of ProPollo, the poultry meat association of Spain and also the current President of AVEC.

Also in the EU, Europe’s farmers now know where they stand on payment changes, following the completion of the political negotiations on the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy. This is a significant milestone in the modernisation of policy for agriculture for the 21st century, aiming to shift the focus from support for agribusiness conglomerates towards greater sustainability and the rural economy.

Looking further afield, China has announced its decision not to appeal against the decision of the World Trade Organization (WTO).

The announcement on 25 September by the US Trade Representative that the WTO has formally adopted the recent dispute settlement panel’s report in China’s anti-dumping and countervailing duty cases against imports of US chicken products cam as welcome to the US poultry industry.

Finally, turning to Bird Flu News, Nepal continues to grapple with the H5N1 virus in its poultry flocks; 43 separate outbreaks affecting almost 350,000 birds were officially reported in a two-week period around the beginning of August. Two young Cambodians have been infected with the H5N1 virus, one of whom has died. And in China, an official warning has been made that the avian H7N9 flu strain is highly likely to return and affect humans in the coming months.

Jackie Linden - Senior Editor

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on October 05, 2013, 08:00:47 AM

Brazilian Poultry Exports Down in September
04 October 2013

BRAZIL - Brazilian chicken exports reached 302,700 tonnes in September, down one per cent compared to the same month last year, according to the Brazilian Poultry Union (Ubabef).

Revenues stood at US$582.3 million, down 7.9 per cent compared to the same period last year.

A total of 2.865 million tons of chicken meat was shipped during January to September, which again marks a fall of two per cent compared to the same period in 2012.

However, revenues rose 6.7 per cent to US$ 5.993 billion.

Ricardo Santin, Markets director at Ubabef, said: "We were expecting to see results similar to those of August. However, climate issues in South Brazil slowed down shipments in the last ten days of the month. We believe there will be a rebound in November."

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on October 15, 2013, 05:13:14 PM

Australia: Agricultural Commodities: Chicken Meat
07 October 2013

A review of the state of the industry by Clay Mifsud, based on research by the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences (ABARES) for the September Quarter 2013.

Australian chicken meat production is forecast to increase by two per cent in 2013–14 to almost 1.1 million tonnes in response to higher prices driven by strong consumer demand. Despite forecast increased chicken meat prices, their relativity to considerably higher beef, sheep meat and pig meat prices is expected to continue to support growth in consumer demand.

In 2012–13, Australian chicken meat production increased by two per cent to 1.05 million tonnes. Higher production over the past year reflects a two per cent increase in the number of birds slaughtered to 563 million head, as the meat yield per bird remained steady at an average of 1.9kg.

Domestic consumption of chicken meat is forecast to be around 44kg per person in 2013–14, one per cent more than in 2012–13. Disparity in retail prices between chicken and other meats has contributed to Australian per-person chicken meat consumption increasing by 80 per cent over 20 years to 2012–13, to be among the highest in the OECD.

The chicken meat industry in Australia is highly vertically integrated; two privately owned companies supply around 70 per cent of meat chickens for slaughter. Five privately owned medium-sized processors and a number of smaller processors supply the remaining 30 per cent. About 80 per cent of all meat chickens are produced under contract -processors supply day-old chicks and rearing specifications -and the remaining 20 per cent are grown on company farms.

About 96 per cent of Australian chicken meat production is consumed domestically and the remainder is exported. In 2012–13 Australian chicken meat exports fell 13 per cent to 29,000 tonnes (shipped weight) reflecting temporary bans placed on imports of Australian poultry after avian influenza (H7N7) was detected in New South Wales. In 2013–14, Australian chicken meat exports are forecast to resume growing and are expected to reach 34,000 tonnes.

Australian chicken meat exports

Chicken Meat Imports in Australia

The Australian chicken meat industry is not under significant competition from imports. Imports of cooked chicken meat have been permitted in Australia since 1998 and fresh since 2008 but import volumes remain low relative to domestic production.

Imports of deboned cooked chicken meat were negligible until the late 2000s, with more than 80 per cent of imports sourced from New Zealand and Thailand. In 2012–13, imports of cooked chicken meat increased by 25 per cent to 7,000 tonnes, with a value of A$50 million. However, this represents around one per cent of Australian chicken meat consumption.

Imported cooked chicken meat must comply with the Imported Food Control Act 1992 and the Australian Food Standards Code under the National Food Authority Act 1991.

Under this legislation, the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry may inspect, sample, hold and test imported cooked chicken meat for microbial agents or residues of public health concern. The chickens from which the cooked chicken meat is produced must originate from the country of export. The meat must be cooked at high temperature for at least 125 minutes to ensure eradication of pests or bacteria. Chicken meat for export to Australia must be processed and stored separately from all other meat processed in the same facility.

Australian cooked chicken meat imports

In 2008, Australia’s Director of Animal and Plant Quarantine made a policy determination establishing quarantine requirements for importation of fresh chicken meat, based on a generic import risk analysis report. The import risk analysis recommended that imports of chicken meat be permitted subject to quarantine conditions for nine disease agents of quarantine concern, including notifiable avian influenza, Newcastle disease and infectious bursal disease. At July 2013, less than 300 tonnes of fresh chicken meat had been imported.

Chicken meat outlook

October 2013

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on October 21, 2013, 12:16:10 PM

Yorkshire Leads Way in Putting Goose on Autumn Menus
18 October 2013

UK - Yorkshire goose producer Stuart Mathison and country hotel Beverley Tickton Grange showed this week how to expand the market for goose by getting more chefs to put it on the autumn menu.

Stuart Mathison speaking to visitors at Southfield Farm, Leven, watched by John Franklin

, chairman of British Goose Producers

David Nowell preparing the roulade of goose breast at Beverley Tickton Grange Hotel

The Mathison family, who hosted the British Goose Producers’ annual farm walk at Leven, near Beverley, produce 1500 geese a year with one third going into the catering market during the autumn ahead of the main demand at Christmas.

And at one of their customers, the nearby Tickton Grange Hotel, well known local chef David Nowell spoke about the new approaches to cooking and serving goose that would appeal to restaurants and caterers — and then served BGP members luncheon based on goose.

“Goose is a fantastic product and the challenge for the restaurant is to make it affordable,” said Mr Nowell, food and beverage executive of Tickton Grange, who played a prominent role in the Beverley Food Festival earlier this month.

He said that cooking goose in a water bath avoided the shrinkage that happened with roasting and with new, more adventurous recipes a goose would typically serve 12 rather than six diners and so achieve a margin that would be attractive to more chefs.

He then served a buffet lunch featuring two such dishes — a roulade of Mathisons’ goose breast with a mousseline of goose liver, thyme, hazelnut and cranberries and a confit made from goose legs with port reduction and allspice, fried in sage crumb.

John Franklin, BGP chairman, said new recipes had been developed through working over the past year with the City College Norwich which has one of the top regional hotel schools. Students and lecturers at the college had developed a range of recipes using both meat and eggs from the goose, and he urged members to forge links with their local colleges to enthuse the chefs of tomorrow in seeing the potential of goose as a seasonal dish during the autumn.

On the Mathisons’ Southfield Farm at Leven members saw not only the geese grazing in the field but also the duck rearing enterprise which supplies local hotels, restaurants, butchers and caterers through the year.

Stuart and his brother Malcolm are currently buying 650 day-old ducklings every fortnight and they are seeking a Food Standards Agency licence to increase production next year. The duck sales have been expanded by introducing portion-controlled products and now goose livers, goose fat and smoked breasts are also sold under the ‘Yorkshire ducks and geese’ brand.

The farm also has an extensive grain storage business which makes locally grown wheat available on site for feeding the poultry.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on November 01, 2013, 05:17:09 PM

Chickens to Benefit from Biofuels Breakthrough
01 November 2013

UK - Chickens could be the unexpected beneficiaries of the growing biofuels industry, feeding on proteins retrieved from the fermenters used to brew bioethanol, thanks to research supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC).

It has long been known that the yeasty broth left over after bioethanol production is nutritious, but it has taken a collaboration between Nottingham Trent University and AB Agri, the agricultural division of Associated British Foods, to prove that Yeast Protein Concentrate (YPC) can be separated from the fibrous cereal matter.

The researchers have also shown that YPC may be a cost-competitive substitute for imported soya-based and similar high-value protein feeds currently used in the diets of chickens bred for meat production.

The project was born out of the vision of biofuels pioneer Dr Pete Williams of AB Agri, who was convinced valuable material was being overlooked when cereals were fermented to make bioethanol.

With Dr Emily Burton of Nottingham Trent University, he was able to secure funding from the EPSRC for a CASE studentship that allowed them to develop and analyse the process.

To establish the nutritional value of the concentrate, EPSRC CASE student Dawn Scholey examined the composition of the newly isolated, patented YPC in a series of experiments, which showed that it can be readily digested by chickens. A paper outlining this research is published in this month’s issue of the journal ‘Food and Energy Security’.

Project supervisor, Dr Burton says the work is only just beginning: “Bioethanol is already a 60-billion-litre per year global market but this project shows the fuel itself is only half the story – immense value lies within other co-product streams too. As well as the proteins, the yeast content provides important vitamins and other micronutrients.”

Produced by distilling and fermenting wheat and other agricultural feedstocks, bioethanol has particular potential for use as a petrol substitute. Currently, the dried distiller’s grains with solubles (DDGS) generated as a co-product are sold to the cattle-feed market but this is not big enough to absorb all material that would be generated if bioethanol production ramps up significantly in future.

Dr Burton believes the project helps address an issue often raised in connection with cereal-based biofuels: “One concern with bioethanol is the perception it will compete with food crops for limited farmland. Our new work shows how the two can live side by side.”

The new, patented process separates DDGS into three fractions – fibre, a watery syrup and YPC, allowing global production of almost 3 million tonnes of supplementary high-quality protein per annum alongside current levels of bioethanol produced. A project at a US bioethanol facility is now up and running, demonstrating the performance of the process at factory scale.

Every year, 800 million chickens are reared for meat production in the UK and 48 billion worldwide. As well as helping to feed these birds, YPC could partially replace the fish meal used on commercial fish farms.

Dr Pete Williams of AB Agri, the industrial sponsor of the work, says: “We couldn’t have got this development started without the EPSRC CASE studentship that allowed us to establish the proof of concept, and to confirm the value-creation potential of our innovative separation process. By helping us to move to the next key stage of development, it has brought closer the prospect of full-scale industrial use that could deliver major benefits to the emerging ‘green’ fuel sector.”

CASE (Cooperation Awards in Science and Engineering) funding is provided by EPSRC for PhD students working with businesses on research projects of industrial relevance.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on November 09, 2013, 09:42:21 AM

Report Says Egg Industry is More Sustainable Despite Expansion
07 November 2013

US - Egg production now boasts lower emissions and greater sustainability, says an Egg Industry Center study.

Researchers conducted a lifecycle analysis (LCA) of US egg production from 1960 to 2010 to evaluate environmental performance measures for the complete lifecycle from crops to hens to the farm gate.

Study findings indicate that the environmental efficiencies are the result of a wide range of factors, including the reduction of natural resource use, improved hen feed, better disease control and advancements in hen housing systems.

"The US egg industry has evolved remarkably over the past five decades by incorporating new technologies to protect natural resources," said Hongwei Xin, agricultural and biosystems engineering and animal science professor at Iowa State University, director of the Egg Industry Center and the study's lead researcher.

"Egg farmers have improved their production practices, allowing them to provide an affordable source of high-quality protein while using fewer resources and producing less waste."

Key results of the study found that compared to 1960:
•The egg production process releases significantly less polluting emissions, including 71 per cent lower greenhouse gas emissions.
•Hens now use 32 per cent less water per dozen eggs produced.
•Today's hens use a little over half the amount of feed to produce a dozen eggs.
•At the same time, today's hens produce 27 per cent more eggs per day and are living longer.

A Closer Look at the Findings

Due to increased feed efficiency, advancements in hen housing and manure management, egg farms now use less water and energy on a daily basis and release less polluting emissions. Every aspect of the egg production process, from cultivating feed to raising the laying hens, has led to a reduced environmental footprint.
•Feed efficiency plays a key role in reducing environmental impacts. Due to advancements in nutrition and bird breeding, young hens now require 48 per cent less food during the rearing period than they did in 1960 and the laying hens have 42 per cent better feed conversion. Using 1960 technology to produce the 2010 egg supply would have required 78 million more hens, 1.3 million more acres of corn and 1.8 million more acres of soybeans.
•Advancements in hen housing, such as improved building ventilation, temperature control, better lighting and a more secure housing environment, help to ensure that hens are protected from disease-carrying wildlife. These techniques have been widely adopted by egg farmers across the country, leading to healthier hens with lower mortality and higher rates of egg production. In addition, advancements in the development of preventative medicine to eliminate avian diseases have greatly improved hen health.
•Manure management has played a role in minimizing the egg industry's environmental footprint. The vast majority of manure from laying hens is recycled into crop production, providing nutrients for plants, contributing to healthy soils, saving energy and reducing commercial fertilizer use.

Looking Ahead

With the growing US population and egg demand on the rise, egg farmers play an important role in providing an abundant and affordable source of high-quality protein.

"The US population has increased by 72 per cent over the past 50 years, but efficiencies in egg production have enabled us to meet the demands of the growing population with just 18 per cent more hens, while also leaving a smaller environmental footprint," said Bob Krouse, an egg farmer for Midwest Poultry Services in Indiana. "Egg farmers are now in a position to help fulfill the growing need for an affordable and nutritious source of protein in an environmentally responsible manner."

Egg farmers are dedicated to providing safe, nutritious food while maintaining the highest quality care for their hens. At the same time, farmers understand the importance of protecting the land, water and air for their communities and future generations, and they are always looking to identify ways for continued improvement. Efforts to further improve feed efficiency, hen housing facilities and manure management will facilitate even greater environmental footprint reductions in the future.

The study was funded by the American Egg Board, the US Poultry and Egg Association, the United Egg Association -- Allied and the Egg Industry Center. To obtain data for 2010, researchers conducted anonymous surveys with egg farmers and collected data on 57.1 million young hens and 92.5 million laying hens

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on November 15, 2013, 09:11:17 AM

GLOBAL POULTRY TRENDS 2013: Africa's Chicken Growth Exceeds World Average10 November 2013 Over the last decade, there has been a five per cent annual increase in chicken meat output from Africa countries, which has increased the continent's share of global production. In Oceania, the increase has been a little slower but further growth in output is forecast, according to industry analyst, Terry Evans.African Poultry Meat Growth Betters Global Average Between 2000 and 2011, chicken meat production in Africa expanded by almost five per cent per year as output climbed to 4.62 million tonnes. As global growth during this period averaged a little below four per cent per year, Africa increased her contribution to the world total from 4.7 to 5.1 per cent (Table 1). The individual country breakdown (Tables 2 and 3) reveals that all bar seven nations produced less than 100,000 tonnes a year in 2011. The seven biggest producers - with a combined output of 3.64 million tonnes - accounted for almost 80 per cent of the regional total. However, as is clear from Figure 1, between 2000 and 2011 significant growth occurred in only three of these – South Africa, Egypt and Morocco. The size ranking (Table 3) shows that South Africa dominates chicken meat production with an annual output of nearly 1.5 million tonnes accounting for almost one-third of the regional total in 2011. According to the South African Poultry Association (SAPA), the number of broilers slaughtered in 2010 was 969 million rising to 979 million in 2011 and further to 997 million in 2012. Based on day-old parent pullet placings and specific industry production standards, the latest estimate for 2013 of 1,054 million birds, points to an increase of almost six per cent on 2012. An average slaughter weight of around 1.4kg per bird would give a meat yield of close on 1.5 million tonnes. However, SAPA is in the process of re-addressing the industry standards which could alter output estimates. More important to the level of current production is the impact of imports on domestic production. South Africa’s receipts of relatively low-priced frozen chicken meat have grown from around 191,000 tonnes in 2008 to nearly 371,000 tonnes in 2012, when they represented around one-fifth of national broiler consumption. This increase could well have contributed to a number of small to medium-sized producers going out of business, while two of the country’s largest companies - Country Bird Holdings and RCC Foods (formerly Rainbow Chicken) - have recently reported a decline in yearly earnings of 17 per cent and 92 per cent, respectively. In an attempt to offset the impact of imports on earnings, Country Bird is diversifying its product range for the fast-food sector of the market. Chicken meat production in Egypt has suffered periodic set-backs since highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 was first detected in 2006 and has since become endemic in several governorates. Despite this disease causing considerable economic loss to producers, output climbed dramatically by more than eight per cent per year between 2008 and 2011 when it came close to 800,000 tonnes (Table 2 and Figure 1). From 2000 to 2011, chicken meat production in Morocco expanded by some 8.5 per cent per year, with output coming close to 586,000 tonnes in 2011. However, higher input costs and lower market prices in the past few years have cut production. Returns improved earlier this year and there is optimism regarding the future and a recovery in production levels. Nigeria is the seventh largest country in the world with a human population currently of around 175 million expected to exceed 200 million by 2020. Between 2000 and 2010, chicken output rose by more than six per cent per year. According to the FAO data, the growth came to a halt in 2011 at 285,000 tonnes. Occasionally, if the data for the most recent year has not been confirmed, the FAO will insert the previous year’s figure in order to arrive at a regional total. However, the Poultry Association of Nigeria maintains that broiler production is much higher than this. While the industries in Algeria, Libya and Tunisia made some headway during the past decade or so, clearly as indicated in Figure 1, the growth has been much less dramatic than in the top three producers in the region. Figure 1. Leading chicken meat producers in Africa ('000 tonnes) Oceania: Australia’s Production Tops One Million Tonnes Chicken meat output in Oceania expanded by around 4.6 per cent per year between 2000 and 2011 to exceed 1.2 million tonnes and the indications are that expansion has since continued to around 1.3 million tonnes in 2013. As is clear from Table 4, the region’s total is almost entirely dependent upon the levels of production in Australia and to a much lesser extent, New Zealand, as these two provide almost 98 per cent of total output. In 2011, chicken meat production in Australia topped one million tonnes for the first time, its industry having grown by almost five per cent per year. The Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences (ABARES) foresees growth continuing in the short- to medium-term. During 2013-14, a three per cent increase is anticipated to 1.08 million tonnes while by 2017-18, output is expected to rise to around 1.2 million tonnes. Chicken meat accounts for 95 per cent of total poultry meat in Australia. Just two major companies supply around three-quarters of national chicken output. The average eviscerated weight is around 1.9kg per bird compared with a global figure of just over 1.5kg. Production in New Zealand in 2011, at almost 160,000 tonnes, showed a near four per cent per year gain over the 2000 level (Table 4) although the increase when compared with 2006 was less than 9,000 tonnes. Between 2007 and 2010, output failed to reach 150,000 tonnes. The production data for the other countries in the region showed little movement during the review period with the exception of Fiji where output in 2011, at just 15,200 tonnes, was almost double the level in year 2000. November 2013

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on November 19, 2013, 05:25:54 PM

Interaction Between Breeder Age and Hatching Time Affects Intestine Development and Broiler Performance
11 November 2013

Researchers in Turkey have explored the relationships between breeder age and hatching time and subsequent chick performance, concluding that that breeder age should be taken into consideration in the management of hatching eggs during incubation.

In a paper in Livestock Science, Mohamed Ibrahem El Sabry and colleagues at Ege University in Turkey report their investigation into the effects of breeder age and hatching time on hatching performance, morphological changes in jejunum and post-hatch performances until slaughter age.

A total of 544 eggs were obtained from two Ross broiler breeder flocks at 32 (young) and 49 (old) weeks of age. Eggs from each breeder age were placed in eight egg trays and incubated under standard incubation conditions.

Between 480 and 504 hours of incubation, eggs were checked individually to record hatched chicks.

According to hatching time, chicks were marked and divided into two groups as early hatched (EH, from 480 to 485 hours of incubation) and late hatched (LH, from 495 to 500 hours of incubation).

Sixteen chicks from each breeder age and hatching time were randomly selected at three hours after hatching, weighed and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Weights of residual yolk sac, heart, spleen and bursa of fabricius, lengths of digestive tract, jejunum, and villus height and width were obtained.

Hatching performance was determined. Chicks from each breeder age and hatching time were reared up to 35 days. Bodyweight and feed intake were recorded weekly, then feed conversion ratio was calculated.

The Izmir-based researchers found that hatching distribution of the chicks from the younger breeders was concentrated in the EH stage of the incubation.

Chick weight was significantly influenced by hatching time, where LH chicks registered heavier weight than chicks in the EH group.

Chicks from the younger breeders had shorter villi than the other groups when hatched at EH stage of the incubation.

From seven to 21 days of age, chicks from the older breeders hatched at LH were heavier than the other groups.

Feed intake by chicks from the older breeders was higher than from those of the breeders between one and 21 days of age, while feed conversion ratio was not influenced along the experimental period.

El Sabry and colleagues concluded that breeder age should be taken into consideration in the management of hatching eggs during incubation.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on November 30, 2013, 12:58:45 PM

USDA International Egg and Poultry

Reports » USDA International Egg and Poultry » USDA International Egg and Poultry: Poultry Production in Turkey

28 November 2013
USDA International Egg and Poultry: Poultry Production in TurkeyUSDA International Egg and Poultry: Poultry Production in Turkey
Turkey’s poultry and egg industry continue to grow. Turkish chicken meat production (broilers and layers) totaled 1.7 million tons in 2012, up 7% from 2011.

USDA International Egg and Poultry

USDA Foreign Agricultural Service estimated broiler meat production at 1.76 million tons in 2013 and forecasts production to reach 1.82 million tons in 2014, an increase of 3%.

The number of broilers rose 6.4% in 2012 compared to the previous year; laying hen numbers increased 7.2%. Hen egg production rose 15% to reach 14.91 billion eggs in 2012, up from 12.95 million eggs a year earlier. Broilers and laying hens account for 98.5% of poultry production.

Turkey has not yet realized the export potential of its poultry industry; there are still big opportunities such as Saudi Arabia and the EU. Turkey has a logistical advantage and the ability to supply Halal-certified whole birds; as a result, exports have quadrupled over the past five years. In 2012, exports under HS 0207 totaled 304,347 tons, up 29% compared to a year earlier. The value rose about 37%, reaching $527 million in 2012. Turkey’s egg industry is also growing tremendously. Currently these companies export primarily to Iraq and are planning to export liquid egg to the EU in the near future.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on December 04, 2013, 07:26:51 PM

Christmas Egg Shortage Expected after Bird Flu Outbreak
04 December 2013

AUSTRALIA - Australia is facing an egg shortage ahead of the peak holiday season after an outbreak of bird flu shut down two poultry farms.

WAtoday.com.au reports that about 450,000 chickens have been destroyed at a free range and caged egg farm in Young, NSW, creating a national shortfall, which will cause prices to rise and take six to 12 months to abate.

The virus is not the highly pathogenic H5N1 strain, which has killed humans, nor is it closely related, the NSW Department of Primary Industries said.

But it has significantly dented supply and put pressure on prices.

Melbourne-based Farm Pride Foods, which is one of Australia’s biggest egg processors, has had to cancel orders, with its sales plunging between 8 and 9 per cent compared with the same time last year.

NSW Farmers Association Egg Committee chair Bede Burke said demand for eggs normally doubled in the week before Christmas "but this year the eggs won’t be there".

"The comfort level for eggs in NSW is about 1.4 million dozen to fill the cool rooms at the end of the week. We are well under that now, down about 15 per cent," Mr Burke said.

"What it means is ... retailers might not have 600 gram free range packs, or 800 gram caged eggs. They might still have eggs but not exactly in that same category. So consumers might have to switch from the normal egg they buy to another brand or category to get through that period."

Mr Burke said the shortage had already created a lift in farm gate prices, which have risen 10 cents a dozen. He said that would filter through to retailers.

The outbreak was detected in late October at the Langfield Pastoral Company, about 27 kilometres north-east of Young in south-west NSW.

Mr Burke said the farm was a "world class facility" and an outbreak of an exotic disease is something all farmers feared, particularly as more birds become free to roam.

It is understood the virus originated at the property’s free range farm and soon spread to its neighbouring caged farm.

Farm Pride sales and marketing manager Ian Savenake said Langfield supplied between 3 and 4 per cent of the national market.

He said the stock in Farm Pride’s cool room in Melbourne had dwindled significantly.

"I probably have a day’s worth of fridge at the moment tops, whereas this time last year we had five days’ worth of stock so it’s going to be a tighter Christmas," Mr Savenake said.

"There’s quite a lift in demand with just people baking and entertaining. But we are cutting orders at the moment. We just can’t supply everyone’s order in full."

The DPI has quarantined both farms, which will remain shut for several weeks.

Mr Savenake said it would take some time for the farms to repopulate their stock, because they couldn’t replace the 450,000 chickens all at once.

"Normally you stagger 50,000 every month, so I’m guessing at least six to 12 months, depending on how quickly they can buy the day old chicks."

In a statement the DPI said the NSW Food Authority confirmed that there no food safety issues and poultry and eggs remained safe to eat.

NSW chief veterinary officer Ian Roth said it appeared the virus had been confined to the two properties.

"There is no indication that the virus has spread beyond the two properties, and the DPI is working with the owners to recommence operations," Dr Roth said.

A Woolworths spokeswoman said: "Customers in NSW and Victoria may notice some gaps in egg supply in stores. We have been working with our suppliers to maintain supply and minimise any impact on customers."

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on December 11, 2013, 09:00:43 PM

China's Report Slight Drop in Egg Prices
11 December 2013

CHINA - Farm produce prices in 36 major Chinese cities rose slightly in the week ending 8 December compared with the previous week, according to a Ministry of Commerce statement.

The wholesale price of pork went up 0.3 per cent, while the cost of beef and mutton rose 0.5 per cent and 0.2 per cent, respectively.

The average wholesale price of aquatic products gained 0.6 per cent and the cost of rice and peanut oil went up 0.2 per cent and 0.1 per cent, respectively.

The price of vegetables and eggs dropped slightly last week. The average wholesale price of 18 kinds of vegetables dipped 2.3 per cent from a week earlier and that of eggs down 0.2 per cent.

Food accounts for about one third of China's consumer price index (CPI), a main gauge of inflation.

The CPI grew three per cent year on year in November, down from 3.2 per cent in October, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said on Monday.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on December 15, 2013, 12:03:29 PM

Increased Vitamin D3 Improved Some Welfare Measures in Broilers
13 December 2013

CHINA - A new study shows that increasing dietary vitamin D3 improved broilers gait score and bone strength and reduced foot pad dermatitis and hock burns.

Data from an experiment in China indicate that increasing supplemental vitamin D3 has favourable effects on walking ability and welfare status of broilers kept at high stocking density; there was no effect on their performance.

Z.W. Sun from the China Agricultural University in Beijing and co-authors there and at New Hope Liuhe Co. Ltd. and Shandong Agricultural University explain in the current issue of Poultry Science that they conducted a study to evaluate the effects of varying dietary vitamin D3 and stocking density on growing performance, carcass characteristics, bone biomechanical properties and welfare responses in Ross 308 broilers.

Experimental diets, containing one, 10 or 20 times the NRC recommended level of vitamin D3 (200IU per kg), were formulated with low-, medium- or high-vitamin D3 levels for three growing phases. Two stocking densities were 10 and 16 birds per square metre. Day-old hatchlings (1,872 males) were randomly assigned to six pens in each treatment.

Results showed that high stocking density decreased feed intake, bodyweight gain (P<0.01), breast muscle yield (P=0.010) and tibial development (P<0.01). However, high stocking density increased feed conversion ratio (P<0.001) and the scores of gait, footpad and hock burn, and abdominal plumage damage (P<0.01), particularly toward the age when birds attained their market size.

Increasing dietary vitamin D3 improved the birds’ walking ability and tibial quality (P<0.05) and reduced the development of footpad or hock dermatitis and abdominal plumage damage (P<0.01), some aspects of which were age-dependent and appeared to vary with stocking density.

Reference

Sun Z.W., L. Yan, Y.Y. G, J.P. Zhao,, H. Lin and Y.M. Guo. 2013. Increasing dietary vitamin D3 improves the walking ability and welfare status of broiler chickens reared at high stocking densities

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on December 23, 2013, 03:13:03 PM

Thailand's Chicken Market to Improve
23 December 2013

THAILAND - The Thai chicken meat industry is expected to improve next year next year, while one processing company experiencing financial troubles is reported to have received financial backing.

Broiler producer, Saha Farms, has reportedly been granted 2.7 billion baht (THB; around US$83 million) by a creditor, according to The Nation.

The newspaper estimates this will be enough to maintain production at 600,000 to 800,000 chickens per week or one-quarter of its capacity of 2.5 million birds. This level should not have a great impact on the industry.

The outlook for the broiler business in 2014 should be better, continues the report, as markets in Asia are beginning to allow import of Thai fresh broiler products. Singapore is first, announcing last week that it has opened its markets and the industry expects Japan to follow suit.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on December 30, 2013, 03:48:02 PM

Sexing Chicks in the Backyard Flock
17 December 2003

By R. Keith Bramwell, Extension Poultry Specialist for the University of Arkansas's Avian Advice - This article looks at accurate methods of determining the sex of baby chicks.

More on the Author
R.K. Bramwell
Extension Reproductive Physiologist

Introduction

Many backyard flock owners wonder: “When my baby chicks grow up, will they be boys or girls, roosters or hens, lay eggs to eat or crow endlessly in the early morning hours?” Regulations against owning roosters within city limits may exist in some of the larger cities. Not wanting to watch roosters fight and possibly injure each other in the hustle to establish dominance in their little world, or simply wanting to have a flock of only hens to gather the eggs each day for the family to eat. These are some points that cause concern and are important for the backyard chicken grower who tries to sex their chickens before they hatch, or grow up in this case.

“Old Wives Tales” about Sexing

Sexing baby chicks is not an easy process. There are a few who would try to simplify the matter with “old wives’ tales” of how to sex baby chicks. One method often repeated is tying a needle or a weight to the end of a piece of string (if the subject to be tested is an expectant mothers’ stomach, use a wedding ring on a string) and hold it over the young animal. One interpretation of this method says that if the object rotates in a clock-wise circle, it is a male; if it rotates counter-clock-wise, it is a female.

Similarly, with the same object on a string held over the baby chick, the motion of the hanging object in any circular pattern indicates a female while movement of the object back and forth indicates a male. Success of this method has been “reported” to be as high as “it will work every time” to “it works most of the time.” In actuality, one should expect to be accurate about 50% of the time when determining the sex of baby chicks in this manner (accuracy may be slightly higher for inherently lucky individuals).

A second method is to observe the shape of an egg to determine the sex of the potential young chick to be hatched. One individual explained that the different sexes require different shaped eggs for optimum growth within the shell and that the hen’s body knows which sex the chick would be. Football-shaped eggs house boy chicks, and more oval or round-shaped eggs will house girl chicks. He went on to say he was “nearly 100% accurate” when sexing chicks by this method. In actuality, the shell of the egg is formed simply by the presence of any object within the oviduct.

Years ago someone surgically placed an engagement ring in the upper portions of the oviduct and allowed the hen to form an egg (albumen and shell, no yolk) around the ring. The egg was then given to the girl in the form of a marriage proposal. The ring had no sex, but the shell was formed regardless. Similarly, a rock placed in the oviduct or more naturally sometimes detached body tissues in the oviduct can stimulate the formation of an egg by the hen. The accuracy of this method is about 50%, again, slightly higher for lucky individuals.

In a recent meeting it was mentioned that birds might be similar to reptiles in that the temperature in which the eggs are incubated largely determines the sex of the developing chick. Imagine if this were true, how valuable this would be to the poultry industry! Commercial egg producers could hatch only young pullets; chicken and turkey meat producers could hatch male chicks for one market and female chicks for a different market. Unfortunately, it is not quite that simple in domestic poultry. Too much deviation from the optimum incubation temperatures will most certainly result in fewer chicks hatched. Likely some of each sex will be lost.

Accurate Methods of Sexing

Fortunately, there are some methods for sexing baby chicks that are actually accurate. Using our knowledge of genetics with the proper breeding scheme, day old baby chicks can be sexed based upon their color. This is possible when using what is called sex-linked color traits. Mating barred hens (black and white striped feathers) with non-barred males results in barred males and nonbarred female chicks. This can also be accomplished using birds carrying specific genes for silver and gold color patterns in the roosters and hens (silver males bred with gold females results in silver pullets and gold cockerels). From a genetic standpoint (excluding mutations), this method is always accurate.

Vent sexing baby chicks is a method popularized in the 1930s by a Japanese professor, Kiyoshi Masui. Individuals well trained at chick sexing schools can consistently and easily attain greater than 95% accuracy. This method involves holding the day old chick upside down in one hand and while visually examining the vent area for the presence or absence of a rudimentary male sex organ.

This method sounds much easier than it really is. After being taught the basics of this technique from non-professionals, most people would be doing well to obtain 60-70% accuracy at best. However, if interested, additional written information on this technique can be obtained from the Center of Excellence for Poultry Science at the University of Arkansas. Most commercial hatcheries that offer chicks for sale as either pullets or cockerels utilize this method.

All in all, the best way to sex chickens in the backyard flock is to watch them grow. Feed them, water them, observe them and enjoy them while they mature. As they develop, changes will become obvious as the males will begin to act manly and their voices will change from the chirping common to young chicks to attempted crows. In nearly all breeds of chickens (Sebrights being the exception) the young males’ feathers will also change from the round oval-shaped feathers common to hens and young birds to the shiny, more narrow and pointed feathers found on their necks and at the base of their tails.

Additionally, the combs of the young roosters will begin to develop at an earlier age than they will in females. While this may vary from breed to breed and, in some breeds, might even be difficult to detect a difference; in most breeds of chickens with large combs, this is a very obvious distinction between young roosters and hens as they are maturing. In short, enjoy the birds and watch them grow. This is definitely the most enjoyable method when establishing a backyard flock.

Summary

While a number of “old wives tales” exist about sexing chicks, these methods are no better than flipping a coin. While feather sexing and vent sexing are accurate methods of determining the sex of chicks, perhaps the best and most enjoyable method is just watching the birds grow.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on January 07, 2014, 06:23:45 PM

Saudi Delegation Satisfied over Poultry Standards in Pakistan
07 January 2014

PAKISTAN - A four-member Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) delegation has expressed satisfaction over the standard of poultry facilities in Pakistan, describing them as equivalent to any European country.

The Saudi delegation visited different poultry farms in the country to inspect the standard of the poultry facilities, according to a press release issued in the country last week, on 3 January.

According to the Associated Press of Pakistan (APP), the delegation also visited the National Reference Laboratory for Poultry Diseases and National Veterinary Laboratory situated at NARC (National Agricultural Research Center) in Islamabad and expressed satisfaction over their standards.

It may be noted that Saudi Arabia had suspended imports of hatching eggs and day-old chicks from Pakistan in 2005-06 due to the eruption of bird flu.

The SFDA delegation also held a meeting with senior officials of Ministry of National Food Security & Research (MNFSR), which was presided over by Secretary Seerat Asghar.

Seerat Asghar apprised the delegation of various preventive and precautionary measures undertaken by Pakistan to successfully contain the H5NI virus since 2005.

The Secretary also announced that a successful “National Programme for the Control and Prevention of Avian Influenza” was launched at a total cost of 1180.142 for the control of the disease.

He also informed about various measures undertaken complying with international standards to modernise poultry industry infrastructure and facilities.

Mr Asghar further stated that due to concerted efforts and hardwork Pakistan declared freedom from bird flu disease with effect from 22 September 2008 and since then the poultry industry has been growing at an annual rate of 13 per cent.

Mr Asghar also hoped that Saudi Arabia might soon restore import of poultry products from Pakistan.

The dignitaries on both sides also agreed that there was a great potential of trade in the areas of poultry and livestock between the two countries. Both sides also agreed that there was a need to further strengthen bilateral trade between two brotherly countries.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on January 11, 2014, 11:09:31 AM

Hong Kong Continues Ban on Local Chinese Poultry
10 January 2014

HONG KONG - The ban on live poultry from Shenzhen - the Chinese city to the north of Hong Kong - is to remain following confirmation of a third human case of H7N9 avian influenza.

The ban on live poultry imports from Shenzhen farms will remain in place in the near-term, the food and health chief said.

According to The Standard, Ko Wing-man said as human cases of H7N9 bird flu have been detected in Shenzhen, any scrapping of the ban on live birds from there will not be considered.

This comes as Hong Kong this week confirmed its third case of H7N9 bird flu, with a 65-year-old man in critical condition at Queen Mary Hospital.

Initial checks by the Centre for Health Protection show he travelled to Shenzhen with his family on 1 and 2 January, and they passed a wet market on New Year's Day. In Hong Kong, the patient did not visit any wet markets but sometimes walked past Pei Ho Street Market, Sham Shui Po.

Ko said health officials are investigating how the man became infected.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on January 20, 2014, 01:54:43 PM

Malaysian Consumers Calls for Ban on Antibiotics in Feed
17 January 2014

MALAYA - A consumer group in Malaysia has called on the authorities to ban antibiotic use in animal feeds following the EU ban on antibiotics in animal feed.

The Consumers Association of Penang wants the Malaysian ministries of health and agriculture to create a national system to monitor antibiotic use in food animals.

This includes actions to improve and refine the collection of data on antibiotic use in the country.

The consumer group says that the quantities and classes of antibiotics used in food animals according to animal species need to be documented, which the group says is essential for risk analysis, interpreting resistance surveillance data and assessing the impact of interventions to promote prudent use.

The group believes that resistance should be monitored and changes in antibiotic resistance through on going surveillance at local, state and national levels must be tracke.

“This will identify emerging health problems so that timely corrective action to protect human health is taken,” the Consumers Association of Penang says.

“The containment of antibiotic resistance must be made a national priority. There is a need to create a national intersectoral body or task force comprising healthcare professionals, veterinarians, academics, agricultural scientists, consumers, the media, to raise awareness about antimicrobial resistance (AMR), prioritise research, collect data, recommend policy measures to contain AMR eg formulating principles for a new Animal Health Law.”

The group wants guidelines for veterinarians drawn up so that the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in food animals can be reduced.

And it says there should be education and training for livestock farmers on responsible use of antibiotics.

The group has called on the government bodies to encourage good farming practices and best practices in disease control including appropriate housing design for animals, good disinfection procedures, isolation of sick animals, use of vaccines and disease eradication programmes.

It adds that imported meat products must be checked for antibiotic resistant contamination and the rule strictly enforced.

Locally produced and imported foods that are responsible for outbreaks of Salmonella infections and other food borne contamination must be identifies and the spread of Salmonella among animals on farms has to be monitored to prevent their spread.

The group also wants to see education for consumers and food workers about safe food handling practices and how to avoid Salmonella infections.

“Several studies on our meats like chicken (both imported and local), beef, mutton and frozen burgers have found an alarmingly high incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in them,” the Consumers Association of Penang said.

“Eating foods contaminated with such bacteria can cause life-threatening complications as the treatment of such cases may be difficult.

“The indiscriminate use of antibiotics in animal feeds has caused the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in farm animals. The spread of such bacteria in our meats is alarming and poses a serious health threat to consumers.”

In a study carried out by the Department of Veterinary Services (DVS) in 2012, half of the domestic chickens were resistant to ampicillin, sulphonamide and tetracycline.

The situation was worse with imported chicken: 87 per cent ampicillin-resistant, 75 per cent nalidixis acid-resistant, and 50 per cent streptomycin- and sulphonamide-resistant.

The study also found 13.5 per cent Tetracycline-resistant Salmonella; 5.4 per cent Polymixin B and Erythromycin-resistant Salmonella and 2.7 per cent Chloramphenicol, Penicillin G and Trimethoprim-resistant Salmonella in local chicken.

Food samples such as beef, mutton and chicken had antibiotic-resistant Salmonella. About 6.28 per cent of the resistant Salmonella was isolated from imported products (44.2 per cent beef and 18.6 per cent chicken).

In another study of live chickens sold at wet markets in Selangor, of the 90 chickens examined 68 (75.6 per cent) were positive for Campylobacter. The most frequently observed resistance was to cephalothin (95.5 per cent) followed by tetracycline (80.8 per cent), erythromycin (51.4 per cent), enrofloxacon (42.4 per cent) and gentamicin (24.4 per cent). Multidrug resistance (resistant to three or more antibiotics) was detected in 35.3 per cent isolates (bacteria samples).

In 2005, the USFDA withdrew approval of fluoroquinolones used in poultry (currently used in Malaysia) as this class of antibiotics causes resistant Campylobacter in poultry which are transferred to humans and may cause fluoraquinolone resistant Campylobacter infections to develop in humans.

In addition, local researchers also found the presence of multidrug-resistant strains of Listeria monocytogenes bacteria in frozen burger patties taken from supermarkets and other retail shops in the country.

Commonly found in raw foods, L. monocytogenes can cause listeriosis. Common symptoms include gastrointestinal upset, headaches, fever and in severe cases, brain infection and or blood poisoning.

This study examined the susceptibility of L. monocytogenes isolated from raw beef, chicken and vegetarian patties to 11 different antibiotics. 28 out of 41 bacteria samples were resistant to at least one and 19 were resistant to at least two antibiotics. Tetracycline, followed by erythromycin resistance, were the most common forms of resistance.

The group said that because of the link between antibiotic use in food-producing animals and the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant infections in humans, antibiotics should be used in food producing animals only under veterinary supervision.

“It is clear the high incidence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in our meats that there are problems with the Livestock Farm Practices Scheme (SALT) which is to ensure that farms practising Good Animal Husbandry Practices (GAHP) produce safe and wholesome food of good quality, in sustainable and environmentally friendly conditions,” said the Consumers Association of Penang.

“SALT certification is awarded to farms that meet criteria of GAHP, Animal Health Management, Bio-security, good infrastructure and prudent use of drugs. The certification scheme covers all types of livestock i.e. beef cattle, dairy cattle, broiler chicken, layer chicken, breeder chicken, deer, goat, sheep and pig.

“Yet more than half of the domestic chicken harvested from the SALT certified farm in the DVS study were resistant to three classes of antibiotics i.e. ampicillin, sulphonamide and tetracycline.

“The situation was worse with imported chicken,” added the Association.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on February 09, 2014, 07:03:36 PM

Chickens Producing Fewer Eggs Due to Hot Weather
07 February 2014

AUSTRALIA - January's sizzling heat wave has left Australian egg farmers in despair over a significant decline in the number of eggs being produced.

According to The Age, Victorian Farmers Federation Egg Group president Meg Parkinson told the Ballarat Courier that a reduction of up to 15 per cent was fairly normal over a hot summer.

"But this heat we've had this year can certainly make that much worse," Ms Parkinson said.

"And the bird flu outbreak before Christmas in New South Wales also meant 400,000 chooks and 200,000 pullets were out of the system.

"It's affected everybody and has tightened up the market."

Ms Parkinson said chickens lost some weight during hot weather as they ate and drank less, so in addition to fewer eggs being laid, the eggs could be smaller.

Major suppliers including Coles, Woolworths and Ryan's IGA have assured customers there are plenty of eggs available.

"We've not had any difficulty with our eggs during the hot weather over the last four weeks," IGA national council chairman Ben Ryan said.

Family Homestead managing director Vesna Luketic said their production costs had shot up, while egg production had dropped considerably at her farm in Myrniong, which houses 15,000 free-range chickens.

"It's horrible, it has been the worst summer. The heat hasn't affected us like this in the past 15 years. It is going to be difficult to get through this," Ms Luketic said.

"Usually the chickens can bounce back reasonably quickly from the heat, but not when it's consecutive days like this."

Ms Luketic has been forced to change her farming practices to respond to the hot weather, by applying reflective paint to sheds, turning on misters and altering the chickens' food rations.

"Farming in this country is very difficult in the heat. We have little support from the government."

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on February 17, 2014, 09:28:06 AM

GLOBAL POULTRY TRENDS 2013: Goose Meat Output Slows
07 February 2014

Global Poultry Trends 2012

Global goose meat production, like that of all the other poultry meat sectors, has slowed in recent years, writes poultry industry analyst, Terry Evans.

For the period 2000 to 2011, however, an average annual growth rate of almost three per cent was achieved, output having risen from 1.9 million tonnes to 2.6 million tonnes (Table 1).

It is clear from this table and Figure 1 that Asia was the only region exhibiting strong growth over the review period. Indeed, because goose meat production in Europe has declined, Asia increased her contribution towards the global total from 94 per cent to more than 96 per cent in 2011.

Table 1. Indigenous goose meat production ('000 tonnes)
(Source: FAO)

Region

2000

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Africa 33.2 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.9 34.1 34.1
Americas 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4
Asia 1,767.5 1,955.7 2,149.0 2,200.3 2,342.9 2,449.9 2,456.7
Europe 79.1 68.3 58.4 58.4 60.3 49.6 55.9
Oceania 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
WORLD 1,881.9 2,059.9 2,243.3 2,294.8 2,439.6 2,535.9 2,549.2

A closer examination of the leading producing countries (Table 2) reveals that mainland China is totally dominant accounting for 98.5 per cent of Asia’s output and over 96 per cent of the world total.

Table 2. Leading goose meat producing countries ('000 tonnes)
(Source: FAO)

2000

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

AFRICA 33.2 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.9 34.1 34.1
of which:
Egypt 19.7 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.7 20.9 20.9
Madagascar 13.1 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6

AMERICAS 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4
of which:
Canada 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4

ASIA 1,767.5 1,955.7 2,149.0 2,200.3 2,342.9 2,449.9 2,456.7
of which:
China, mainland 1,726.9 1,917.0 2,113.0 2,166.0 2,310.0 2,415.0 2,420.0
China, Taiwan 25.9 24.7 21.6 19.0 16.9 18.5 20.2
Myanmar 1.9 3.6 4.6 5.3 5.8 6.3 6.7

EUROPE 79.1 68.3 58.4 58.4 60.3 49.6 55.9
of which:
France 6.4 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.0
Germany 1.6 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.7
Hungary 48.0 27.2 25.8 25.9 27.2 16.8 24.0
Poland 6.9 18.4 18.5 18.3 18.6 18.5 18.4
United Kingdom 2.9 3.1 2.5 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.5

OCEANIA 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
of which:
New Zealand 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Production in Europe is currently well below the year 2000 level although there are indications that the downward trend has been halted, output having stabilised during the latter part of the review period. Two significant features in this region have been the contraction of Hungary’s industry contrasting with the growth that has occurred in Poland, though even here output has levelled off since 2006.

Figure 1. Indigenous goose meat production ('000 tonnes)

Goose Meat Trade

Regarding exports and imports of goose meat, FAO statistics include the trade in guinea fowl though the latter will be tiny in relation to the quantities of goose meat.

The volumes of goose and guinea fowl meat traded in 2011 were nearly one-third lower than in 2000 (Tables 3 and 4). The slump in exports from Asia in 2010 and 2011 were the result of a dramatic fall in sales from mainland China from around 16,000 tonnes a year to nil.

Throughout the review period, exports from Europe were steady though, as with other forms of poultry meat, almost all the trade was conducted between European Union member countries.

Two countries dominate the export business, Poland selling 16,000 tonnes a year in 2011, and Hungary with some 13,000 tonnes.

As can be expected from the export data, the imports side of the business revolves around Europe, this area accounting for around 96 per cent of the global total.

Germany is the prime buyer taking around 23,000 tonnes a year or some 70 per cent of the Europe total, followed by Austria (2,500 tonnes), with Switzerland, the Czech Republic, the UK and France, each purchasing between 1,000 and 1,500 tonnes.

Table 3. Exports of goose and guinea fowl meat (tonnes)
(Source: FAO)

Region

2000

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Africa 1 2 0 2 1 0 122
Americas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Asia 24,473 13,689 14,036 17,745 18,785 2,114 1,969
Europe 23,639 28,071 30,056 27,917 31,879 30,673 31,151
Oceania 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
WORLD 48,113 41,762 44,092 45,664 50,665 32,787 33,424

Table 4. Imports of goose and guinea fowl meat (tonnes)
(Source: FAO)

Region

2000

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Africa 18 106 99 197 87 415 208
Americas 643 997 1,198 1,049 1,038 996 981
Asia 13,267 694 886 499 561 51 120
Europe 36,242 23,130 29,106 29,563 27,258 35,040 32,387
Oceania 43 0 1 1 1 1 1
WORLD 50,213 24,927 31,290 31,309 28,945 36,503 33,696

February 2014

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on March 11, 2014, 04:44:19 PM

GLOBAL POULTRY TRENDS 2013: Asia Supplies 60 Per Cent of World's Eggs
03 March 2014

Global Poultry Trends 2012

Egg production in Asia accounts for nearly 60 per cent of the world total, according to industry analyst, Terry Evans.

In 2011, egg output in this region amounted to 38.3 million tonnes, which was 58.7 per cent of the global figure of 65.2 million tonnes.

While it looks as though 2012 saw little or no growth, Asia’s egg industries now appear to have embarked on the expansion road again with production estimated to have reached at least 39 million tonnes last year which would equate with around 58.5 per cent of a global forecast of a little below 67 million tonnes (Table 1).

Table 1. World egg production (million tonnes)

Region

2000

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012E

2013E

Africa 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0
Americas 10.5 11.7 12.3 12.3 12.5 12.6 13.0 13.2 13.4 13.6
Asia 29.0 32.6 33.0 34.5 36.2 37.2 37.7 38.3 38.3 39.0
Europe 9.5 9.9 10.1 10.0 10.1 10.3 10.5 10.6 10.6 10.8
Oceania 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
WORLD 51.1 56.6 57.9 59.5 61.7 62.8 64.1 65.2 65.5 66.7
Sources: FAO to 2011; 2012 and 2013 author's estimates

The growing importance of Asia when compared with the other major regions is evident from Figure 1. Over the period 2000 to 2011 Asia’s egg industry grew by almost 2.6 per cent per year. As this was a little faster that the global total - which was a shade under 2.3 per cent - so Asia’s contribution actually rose from 56.8 per cent to 58.8 per cent.

world egg production regions

Figure 1. World hen egg production by region (million tonnes)

These Food and Agriculture (FAO) figures include all layers, both commercial and backyard flocks. Also, in most instances, hatching eggs are included. Globally, hatching eggs are considered to represent around five per cent of production but on an individual country basis the proportion of hatching eggs can range from an insignificant amount up to 12 per cent or more in countries which have a large broiler industry in relation to the size of the layer sector.

FAO data indicate that the total number of layers worldwide in 2000 stood at 5,004 million, of which 3,055 million (61 per cent) were in Asia. By 2011, the world total had risen to 6,617 million with 4,220 million (64 per cent) in Asia.

Table 2. Hen egg production in Asia ('000 tonnes)

Country

2000

2005

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Afghanistan 15.0 21.8 16.9 16.7 16.8 16.3 17.2
Armenia 21.4 28.8 28.9 31.7 34.7 38.2 34.7
Azerbaijan 30.4 49.0 52.3 69.6 72.9 70.9 60.9
Bahrain 2.7 2.0 3.0 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.0
Bangladesh 125.0 185.0 177.0 186.0 154.0 188.0 199.0
Bhutan 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Brunei Darussalam 4.8 5.7 6.3 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.0
Cambodia 11.7 13.3 17.1 16.8 15.9 17.6 17.6
China, Hong Kong SAR 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
China, Macao SAR 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
China, mainland 18,547.0 20,724.0 21,499.0 2,296.8 23,311.3 23,653.0 23,897.0
China, Taiwan 363.5 315.7 333.0 323.5 321.6 336.4 334.0
Cyprus 10.6 9.5 8.6 10.0 9.8 8.6 8.3
Georgia 20.1 28.0 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.6 26.8
India 2,035.0 2,568.0 2,947.0 3,047.0 3,230.0 3,378.1 3,490.0
Indonesia 642.0 856.6 1,174.6 1,122.6 1,071.5 1,121.1 1,166.4
Iran Isl. Rep. 579.0 758.0 703.0 727.0 725.4 741.0 741.0
Iraq 29.6 51.7 40.4 45.8 35.3 46.3 50.9
Israel 87.9 92.4 93.5 96.3 100.8 102.5 120.9
Japan 2,535.4 2,481.0 2,583.3 2,553.6 2,507.5 2,515.3 2,482.6
Jordan 45.8 40.6 38.8 50.6 45.9 69.3 69.4
Kazakhstan 93.8 139.4 148.3 166.4 184.0 207.3 207.2
Korea Dem. Peo. Rep. 110.0 130.0 103.0 107.0 104.0 114.0 120.0
Korea Rep. 478.8 514.9 543.8 566.1 602.0 590.0 595.0
Kuwait 21.3 26.0 22.0 22.0 35.0 40.0 40.0
Kyrgyzstan 11.4 17.7 20.8 20.6 20.6 20.8 21.9
Lao Peo. Dem. Rep. 10.0 13.0 13.4 14.5 14.8 15.0 15.0
Lebanon 43.2 45.5 45.7 45.7 47.0 47.0 47.0
Malaysia 390.6 442.0 476.0 479.0 510.0 540.4 540.4
Mongolia 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5
Myanmar 112.0 186.6 231.5 263.4 318.3 342.1 371.7
Nepal 22.2 28.8 30.1 30.9 30.8 31.5 34.6
Occ Palestinian Terr. 36.9 37.4 41.0 39.4 36.6 29.0 30.0
Oman 6.8 9.5 9.0 9.3 9.3 9.3 10.7
Pakistan 344.1 400.9 479.3 503.4 529.1 556.4 604.3
Philippines 243.4 320.3 335.1 350.8 368.5 387.3 403.4
Qatar 2.7 4.1 2.9 2.9 4.3 4.5 5.0
Saudi Arabia 128.5 169.6 170.6 170.0 191.0 193.0 193.0
Singapore 16.0 20.6 22.4 20.3 20.0 20.4 23.0
Sri Lanka 52.3 49.0 51.9 59.0 64.8 64.7 67.3
Syrian Arab Rep. 127.3 155.2 171.4 151.4 162.4 163.3 171.9
Tajikistan 1.5 5.5 6.2 8.5 10.6 13.1 14.3
Thailand 514.6 468.7 539.4 565.6 577.0 585.4 601.0
Timor-Leste 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1
Turkey 810.0 753.3 795.3 824.4 864.6 740.0 810.0
Turkmenistan 21.0 45.1 47.9 47.7 49.6 49.5 49.5
United Arab Emirates 14.6 17.2 25.4 25.4 30.0 26.1 26.1
Uzbekistan 68.9 107.8 121.2 132.9 148.7 170.9 192.3
Viet Nam 185.4 197.4 223.0 247.0 273.3 321.1 344.8
Yemen 31.1 48.4 53.6 56.4 58.6 60.6 62.0
ASIA 29,008.7 32,587.4 34,479.5 36,231.1 36,954.4 37,682.7 38,330.6
WORLD 51,048.6 56,559.6 59,518.2 61,655.5 62,751.1 64,085.5 65,181.3
Source: FAO

In 2011, some 31 million tonnes, or more than 80 per cent of Asia’s production, came from just four countries - China (24 million tonnes), India (3.5 million tonnes), Japan (2.5 million tonnes) and Indonesia (1.2 million tonnes).

An additional six countries, each producing more than 500,000 tonnes a year, accounted for a further four million tonnes (10 per cent), namely Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, the Republic of Korea and Malaysia. Thus, the 10 largest producers were responsible for almost 35 million tonnes or 91 per cent of the regional total (Table 4).

Table 3. Asian egg production ranking in 2011 ('000 tonnes)

Country

Production

China, mainland 23,897.0
India 3,490.0
Japan 2,482.6
Indonesia 1,166.4
Turkey 810.0
Iran Isl. Rep. 741.0
Pakistan 604.3
Thailand 601.0
Korea Rep. 595.0
Malaysia 540.4
Philippines 403.4
Myanmar 371.7
Viet Nam 344.8
China, Taiwan 334.0
Kazakhstan 207.2
Bangladesh 199.0
Saudi Arabia 193.0
Uzbekistan 192.3
Syrian Arab Rep. 171.9
Israel 120.9
Korea Dem. Peo. Rep. 120.0
Jordan 69.4
Sri Lanka 67.3
Yemen 62.0
Azerbaijan 60.9
Iraq 50.9
Turkmenistan 49.5
Lebanon 47.0
Kuwait 40.0
Armenia 34.7
Nepal 34.6
Occ. Palestinian Terr. 30.0
Georgia 26.8
United Arab Emirates 26.1
Singapore 23.0
Kyrgyzstan 21.9
Cambodia 17.6
Afghanistan 17.2
Lao Peo. Dem. Rep. 15.0
Tajikistan 14.3
Oman 10.7
Cyprus 8.3
Brunei Darussalam 7.0
Qatar 5.0
Bahrain 3.0
Timor-Leste 1.1
Mongolia 0.5
China, Macao SAR 0.4
Bhutan 0.3
China, Hong Kong SAR 0.3
Source: FAO

Although when compared with 2000, the total produced by these 10 nations increased by nearly one-third, the variation in the performance of the individual countries was wide ranging from Japan and Turkey where output showed virtually no change, to Indonesia (+82 per cent), Pakistan (+76 per cent) and India (+72 per cent). Outside this Top 10, several countries reported excellent growth. Output in Myanmar more than trebled, reaching 372,000 tonnes in 2011, while production doubled or more so in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Kuwait and Kyrgyzstan (Table 2).

Not surprisingly, mainland China’s industry dominates the scene, accounting for almost 24 million tonnes (62 per cent) of the regional total of 38.3 million tonnes in 2011 (Tables 2 and 3) and almost 37 per cent of the world total of 65.2 million tonnes. However, a little surprising, is that mainland China’s contribution to the Asia total in percentage terms actually declined a little from 63.9 per cent to 62.3 per cent between 2000 and 2011. During this period China’s average growth rate was 2.3 per cent per year.

One series of figures quotes egg production in China in 2012 at more than 28.6 million tonnes. However, this total includes some 4.2 million tonnes of eggs other than hen eggs.

Data published by the International Egg Commission (IEC) indicates that output in China in 2012 had contracted from 24 to 23 million tonnes although this might have been due in part to the 2012 figure being based on an average egg weight of 62g compared with 63g which was used in the 2011 calculation.

Some 90 per cent of China’s commercial flock is considered to be in cages with nine per cent on free range and one per cent in a barn system. Around 90 per cent are white-egg layers. Short-term forecasts point to continued growth of about two per cent per year to 2017.

All the data on the egg industry in India point to strong growth over the past decade or so with an average of between five and six per cent per year. However, estimates of output vary greatly according to source. FAO statistics indicate that production has increased from 2.0 million tonnes in 2000 to 3.5 million tonnes in 2011. In terms of the number of eggs produced these tonnages translate to 36.6 billion in 2000 and 63.5 billion in 2011.

India’s ICRA (formerly Investment Information and Credit Rating Agency of India Limited) estimates egg output in 2012 to have been 66 billion, while the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM) puts production in that year at 75 billion with a forecast for 2015 of 95 billion eggs.

India’s reporter to the IEC maintains that egg production has risen from 3.34 million tonnes in 2009 to 4.16 million tonnes in 2012. At an average egg weight of 55g, this latter figure equates with 75.6 billion eggs.

Despite these differences, the general consensus is that the industry has exhibited rapid growth and will continue to do so though the forecasts range between four and eight per cent per year.

The ratio of brown to white eggs in India is considered to be 8:92 with 100 per cent of the commercial flock housed in cages. However, the Humane Society International/India claims that it has persuaded the top-egg producing states to declare that confining hens to battery cages validates the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act of 1960 and that the Animal Welfare Board of India has issued an advisory notice to all state governments stating that no new battery cages should be installed and that existing cages should be phased out by 2017.

With the increased costs involved in switching to less intensive forms of production, if cages were to be banned, it could have a drastic effect on the industry’s future growth rates.

Table 4. Leading egg-producing countries in Asia ('000 tonnes)

Country

2000

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

China, mainland 18,547.0 20,724.0 21,499.0 22,968.0 23,311.3 23,653.0 23,897.0
India 2,035.0 2,568.0 2,947.0 3,047.0 3,230.0 3,378.1 3,490.0
Japan 2,535.4 2,481.0 2,583.3 2,553.6 2,507.5 2,515.3 2,482.6
Indonesia 642.0 856.6 1,174.6 1,122.6 1,071.5 1,121.1 1,166.4
Turkey 810.0 753.3 795.3 824.4 864.6 740.0 810.0
Iran Isl. Rep. 579.0 758.0 703.0 727.0 725.4 741.0 741.0
Pakistan 344.1 400.9 479.3 503.4 529.1 556.4 604.3
Thailand 514.6 468.7 539.4 565.6 577.0 585.4 601.0
Korea Rep. 478.8 514.9 543.8 566.1 602.0 590.0 595.0
Malaysia 390.6 442.0 476.0 479.0 510.0 540.4 540.4
Total of above 26,876.5 29,969.4 31,740.7 12,685.5 33,928.4 34,420.7 34,927.7
Source: FAO

Although Japan is the third largest producer in Asia, its annual output has shown little movement since 2000 at around 2.5 million tonnes a year. Just over 60 per cent of the eggs are white-shelled, while 96 per cent of the flock is housed in cages.

While egg production in Indonesia grew by 82 per cent - or 5.6 per cent per year - between 2000 and 2011, in the last three years of this series the gains slowed to 1.3 per cent. The level of egg consumption per person is low, pointing to considerable potential for future growth although even if the uptake per person fails to expand, total consumption will rise in line with population growth which is expected to average around one per cent per year in the near future.

According to FAO figures, Turkey’s egg industry has shown no significant growth between 2000 and 2011. However, data provided by the IEC point to a higher level of annual production, and a sharp recovery in 2012 when output rose to almost 1.1 million tonnes from 874,000 tonnes in the previous year. All birds are housed in cages with some 75 per cent of the eggs being white.

Between 2000 and 2010 egg production in Iran grew by 2.5 per cent per year. Although the FAO data for 2011 shows no change over the previous year, there are occasions when if the official figures for a year are not available, the previous year’s figures are inserted in order to arrive at a regional total. IEC figures put the 2010 total a little higher than the FAO (Table 4) at 766,000 tonnes. Output then declined in 2011 as a result of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks to 700,000 tonnes but then rebounded to 912,000 tonnes in 2012. All production is in cages and almost entirely white-shelled.

March 2014

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on March 18, 2014, 10:46:06 AM

Broiler Breeder Feed Changes Save Money in Wageningen Study
18 March 2014

THE NETHERLANDS - A low-protein diet increases reproduction efficiency in modern broiler breeders, according to Rick van Emous of Wageningen UR Livestock Research.

A low-crude protein diet for broiler breeders changes body composition during the rearing period. This positively affects hatchability during the first phase and egg production during the second phase of the laying period.

Economical calculations show that these improved performance measures result in an increased profit of €0.53 per breeder or about €12,500 for an average broiler breeder farm per year.

Increased Hatchability and Egg Production

Poultry scientist, Rick van Emous, of Wageningen UR Livestock Research investigated the effect of two dietary protein levels (high and low) during rearing on, feed intake, body composition at the end of the rearing period and reproductive performance of broiler breeder females. A total of 2,880 one-day old Ross 308 broiler breeder female chicks were placed in 36 pens and followed until 60 weeks of age.

To meet bodyweight target at 22 weeks of age, average feed intake increased by 12.8 per cent for the pullets fed the low-protein diet.

At 22 weeks of age, birds fed the low-protein diet had 15 per cent less breast muscle but 86 per cent more abdominal fat than the high-protein-fed birds. This resulted in an 1.3 per cent increased hatchability due to a decreased embryonic mortality in the first phase of the laying period (23-45 weeks of age).

Moreover, low-protein fed birds produced 3.6 more hatching eggs during the second phase of the laying period (46-60 weeks of age).

Economical calculations show that feeding a low-protein diet resulted in an increased profit of €0.53 per breeder or about €12,500 for an average broiler breeder farm per year.

Changing Body Composition Affects Reproduction

Mr van Emous noticed that over recent decades, the genetic potential of broiler breeders increased due to selection on growth of the offspring. The growing period of broilers decreased from 84 to 33 days to produce a broiler weighing 1.8kg. Its feed conversion ratio decreased in the same period from 3.25 to 1.50 and the daily growth increased from 21 to 55g.

This selection on increased feed conversion, growth rate and body fat content has not only affected the offspring but also the parent stock (broiler breeders). Optimising body composition (more fat and less breast meat) of female broiler breeders during the rearing period might improve persistency of the reproductive performance.

The study is part of a PhD project on body condition and nutrition in broiler breeders. It was carried out by Wageningen UR Livestock Research and financed by the Dutch Product Boards for Livestock, Meat and Eggs (PVE), the Product Board Animal Feed (PDV) and Aviagen-EPI.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on March 22, 2014, 06:36:57 PM

Animals Australia Advocates an Egg-free Australia
20 March 2014

AUSTRALIA - ANIMALS Australia is advocating Australians go egg free, urging consumers to “put the hen before the egg”.

Victorian egg producers say they’re disheartened by Animals Australia’s on-going campaign to restrict consumer choice and even dissuade them from eating eggs.

Victorian Farmers Federation Egg Group president Brian Ahmed said egg producers were delivering clean, healthy eggs to consumers – caged, barn and free-range.

“Yet Animals Australia just keeps moving the goal post, first advocating consumers only eat free-range eggs and ultimately wanting us all to abandon eggs altogether.

Under the banner “Re-thinking Eggs” the Animals Australia’s website advocates consumers go “egg free”.

The AA website states: “Help put the chicken before the egg, by choosing delicious, affordable, cruelty-free alternatives... You can help change the lives of these sensitive animals by eating fewer eggs or going egg-free.”

Mr Ahmed said Animals Australia seemed to be moving to a position of opposing all commercial egg production.

“I love my eggs as do most Australians,” he said “They’re a fresh, clean and invaluable source of affordable high-quality protein.

“But I’ve got to say I’m sick of animal activists pushing farmers and consumers into a corner.

“Australians have the right to choose between a full-range of quality eggs – from the more affordable caged eggs at $3.00 a dozen to those produced from barn or free-range hens at $5-$6/dozen.

“It’s time that the professionalism and hard work of the Australian egg farmers was acknowledged, rather than being condemned by animal activists.

“Professional egg farmers contribute to the Australian economy, through their efficiency and skill, providing eggs at a low cost that benefits families with tight budgets and the economy in general.

“We give consumers choice in the eggs that they buy and the price they pay. None of this is acknowledged by Animals Australia.

“Emotive appeals to stop eating eggs do not improve the conditions of any chook. It is the skill and professionalism of the Australian egg farmer which does that,” Mr Ahmed said.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on April 04, 2014, 04:00:50 PM

Genetic Base to Disease Resistance Explored in Indonesian Native Chickens
04 April 2014

INDONESIA - Researchers have identified two out of three genotypes in native tolaki chickens that are more resistant to Newcastle Disease and also perform better than a third group.

Association of Mx Gene Genotype with Antiviral and Production Traits in Tolaki Chicken

Author Muhammad Amrullah Pagala, Muladno, Cece Sumantri and Sri Murtini

Source Int. J. Poult. Sci., 12 (12): 735-739, 2013
Tolaki chicken is a kind of Indonesian local chickens that show anti-viral responses. A research group including Muhammad Amrullah Pagala of Halu Oleo University explain that this ability is controlled by the presence of antiviral Mx (myxovirus resistance) gene. The Mx gene codes for a protein with anti-viral activity.

The objective of the study - together with scientists from Bogor Agricultural University and published in International Journal of Poultry Science - was to prove the tolaki chicken Mx gene genotype is associated with anti-viral and production traits. Resistance to Newcastle Disease (ND) was the focus of their research.

Mx/Hpy 81 gene was genotyped in 103 tolaki chickens with PCR-RFLP. A total of 30 chickens were challenged with ND gen VIIb virus (104 CLD50)/chicken. PCR was used to amplify genomic DNA for Mx gene (299 bp).

The amplimer was cut by Hpy 81 produce three genotypes: AA, AG and GG and two alleles: A allele (299 base pairs, bp) and G allele (200bp and 99bp).

Frequency of A allele (0.74) was higher than G allele (0.26).

Production traits in the challenge test group were not significantly different in AA, AG and GG genotypes. The daily weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were significantly different in AA, AG and GG genotypes of chickens control group.

The parameters of anti-viral traits showed that vitality of AA (50 per cent) and AG (50 per cent) of chickens were better than GG (10 per cent) in challenge group.

The vitality of AA (100 per cent) and AG (100 per cent) were better GG (33.33 per cent) in control group.

The researchers conclude their e study postulated that Mx gene genotype could be associated with production and antiviral traits in tolaki chicken. AA and AG genotype are more resistant and were more productive than the GG genotype.

Reference

Pagala M.A., Muladno, C. Sumantri and S. Murtini. 2013. Association of Mx gene genotype with antiviral and production traits in tolaki chicken. Int. J. Poult. Sci.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on April 18, 2014, 05:11:39 PM

GLOBAL POULTRY TRENDS 2013 - Population Is Key to Egg Uptake Growth in Africa and Oceania
16 April 2014

Poultry industry analyst, Terry Evans, forecasts the likely trends in per-capita egg consumption in Africa and Oceania in the coming years.

Egg consumption is not measured directly in any country in Africa or Oceania, the published figures being based on estimates of production adjusted for exports and imports to give an estimate of supplies available for consumption.

Regarding individual country consumption, the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) ceased making this calculation on a per-person basis in 2009 (Table 1).

Table 1. Egg consumption (kg/person/year)

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Africa 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3
Americas 10.6 10.9 10.8 10.8 10.9 11.1 11.5 11.3 11.3 11.4
Asia 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.3 8.3 8.5 8.5 8.7 9.1 9.2
Europe 12.1 12.3 12.6 12.4 12.6 12.5 12.7 12.8 12.8 12.7
Oceania 6.2 6.3 6.21 5.6 5.6 5.9 7.1 6.5 6.5 6.4
WORLD 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.5 8.7 8.9 8.9
Source: FAO

Egg Consumption in Africa

For Africa, the average uptake per person showed a positive gain between 2000 and 2004 but then the level appears to have stabilised to 2009. Even if per-person consumption has remained unchanged, by 2013, the total quantity of eggs consumed will have been almost one million tonnes more than in 2000 as a consequence of the human population increasing from 808 million to more than 1.1 billion. However, there are indications that the quantity of eggs eaten per person has risen a little towards 2.4kg.

Between 2000 and 2030, the population of Africa will grow at more than twice the world average (Table 2 and Figure 1). Consequently, by 2030, this region with 1.63 billion people will account for almost 20 per cent of the global population compared with about 13 per cent back in 2000. If there has not been any increase in the uptake per person since the 2009 figure of 2.3kg, total egg consumption for the region will approach four million tonnes in 2030.

Table 2. Human population of the world (millions)

Region

2000

2010

2015

2020

2030

Number

%

Number

%

Number

%

Number

%

Number

%

Africa 808.3 13.2 1,031.1 14.9 1,166.2 15.9 1,312.1 17.0 1,634.4 19.4
Americas 841.7 13.7 942.7 13.6 991.2 13.5 1,037.5 13.4 1,120.1 13.3
Asia 3,717.4 60.7 4,165.4 60.2 4,384.9 59.9 4,581.5 59.4 4,886.9 58.0
Europe 729.1 11.9 740.3 10.7 743.1 10.1 743.6 9.6 736.4 8.7
Oceania 31.2 0.5 36.7 0.5 39.4 0.5 42.1 0.5 47.3 0.6
WORLD 6,127.7 100.0 6,916.2 100.0 7,324.8 100.0 7,716.7 99.9 8,424.9 100.0
Source: FAO

The per-person consumption data for the individual countries (Table 3) reveals a wide range around the regional average of 2.3kg with one-third of the population eating less than 1kg per person and, in many instances, uptake was lower in 2009 than in 2000 as industry growth failed to match population increases.

Nigeria, with a current population estimated at 174 million, saw egg consumption expand from 3.0kg to 3.7kg per person between 2000 and 2009. At an average egg weight of 60g this latter figure would be equivalent to around 62 eggs per person per year. Since then, consumption has trended upwards with one assessment putting the figure for 2012 as high as 71 eggs, of which 67 were eaten in shell and four as egg products.

It is generally considered that increased processing of eggs would reduce the level of wastage and approaches have been made for government to help in providing the necessary technology to convert eggs to products. However, this technology is expensive and there is concern that individual investors may not be willing to become involved in such schemes without government support.

Table 3. Human population of Africa and per-capita egg consumption

Human population (millions)

Consumption (kg/person/year)

Country

2000

2010

2015P

2020P

2000

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Algeria 31.7 37.1 40.6 43.8 2.8 4.7 4.7 5.1 4.7 4.6
Angola 13.9 19.6 22.8 26.5 0.7 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.1 0.9
Benin 7.0 9.5 10.9 12.3 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2
Botswana 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.3 2.0
Burkina Faso 11.6 15.5 17.9 20.5 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
Burundi 6.7 9.2 10.8 12.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Cameroon 15.9 20.6 23.4 26.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5
Cabo Verde 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 4.3 3.6 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3
Central African Rep. 3.6 4.4 4.8 5.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Chad 8.3 11.7 13.6 15.7 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Comoros 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0
Congo 3.1 4.1 4.7 5.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3
Cote d'Ivoire 16.1 19.0 21.3 23.8 1.8 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4
Dem. Rep. Congo 47.0 62.2 71.3 81.3 - - - - - -
Djibouti 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.2
Egypt 66.1 78.1 84.7 91.1 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.7 3.6 3.3
Equatorial Guinea 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 - - - - - -
Eritrea 3.9 5.7 6.7 7.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3
Ethiopia 66.0 87.1 98.9 111.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Gabon 1.2 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.0
Gambia 1.2 1.7 2.0 2.3 0.9 1.7 2.1 3.3 3.8 0.9
Ghana 18.8 24.3 27.0 29.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2
Guinea 8.8 10.9 12.4 13.9 1.2 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0
Guinea-Bissau 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
Kenya 31.3 40.9 46.8 52.9 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.7
Lesotho 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
Liberia 2.9 4.0 4.5 5.1 1.6 2.3 2.4 1.6 2.2 1.7
Libya 5.2 6.0 6.3 6.8 10.2 10.0 10.3 10.1 9.8 9.4
Madagascar 15.8 21.1 24.2 27.8 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
Malawi 11.3 15.0 17.3 19.9 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1
Mali 10.3 14.0 16.3 19.1 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5
Mauritania 2.7 3.6 4.1 4.6 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.9 2.3 1.4
Mauritius 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 9.1 8.5 7.8 7.0 6.3 5.4
Morocco 28.7 31.6 34.0 35.9 6.9 6.4 6.6 7.0 4.9 5.1
Mozambique 18.3 24.0 27.1 30.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Namibia 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5
Niger 11.0 15.9 19.3 23.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Nigeria 122.9 159.7 183.5 210.2 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7
Reunion 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 - - - - - -
Rwanda 8.4 10.8 12.4 14.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3
Saint Helena # # # # - - - - - -
Sao Tome/Principe 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 2.2 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2
Senegal 9.9 13.0 15.0 17.1 1.5 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8
Seychelles 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 6.0 9.2 9.4 9.6 9.5 9.6
Sierra Leone 4.1 5.8 6.3 6.9 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.5
Somalia 7.4 9.6 11.1 12.8 - - - - - -
South Africa 44.9 51.5 53.5 55.1 5.4 5.8 6.7 7.0 7.4 6.7
South Sudan - - 12.2 13.9 - - - - - -
Sudan - - 39.6 44.5 - - - - - -
Swaziland 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.7 6.6 4.7 2.6 2.6 2.5
Togo 4.9 6.3 7.2 8.1 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0
Tunisia 9.6 10.6 11.2 11.8 7.4 7.3 7.1 7.4 7.4 7.5
Uganda 24.3 34.0 40.1 47.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5
United Rep. Tanzania 34.0 45.0 52.3 60.4 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7
Western Sahara 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 - - - - - -
Zambia 10.1 13.2 15.5 18.3 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.0 3.1
Zimbabwe 12.5 13.1 15.1 17.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7 2.1
AFRICA 808.3 1,031.1 1,166.2 1,312.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3
WORLD 6,127.7 6,916.2 7,324.8 7,716.7 8.1 8.5 8.5 8.7 8.9 8.9
# less than 50,000; - no figure; P= projected
Source: FAO

Egg consumption in South Africa is estimated to have reached a record 153 eggs per person in 2012. However, rising feed prices have impacted negatively on producers’ actions. Indeed, from April to September 2013, the rate of feed cost increases was higher than that of egg producers’ prices putting pressure on profits.

Based on estimates of a cut-back in layer numbers and egg production, it appears that per-person uptake has declined in 2013 and may well do so again in 2014.

The South African Poultry Association (SAPA) is working closely with schools and health organisations to stimulate egg consumption through promoting the health benefits of eggs.

Based on FAO data egg production, egg consumption and also consumption per person accelerated from 2000 to peak in 2008 when uptake per person was assessed at 7.4kg. Since then, according to an International Egg Commission report, it appears that the average has increased to 8.9kg per person in 2012.

Bearing in mind the room for error in compiling consumption data there appears only a few instances where the uptake per person in Africa is growing although total consumption is expected to expand in line with population increases.

world human population

Figure 1. Global human population by region (millions)

Egg Consumption in Oceania

Egg consumption per person in Australia escalated by some 30 per cent from 164 eggs in 2003 to 214 in 2012 (Table 4). This emphasises the point that egg production growth at some 3.6 per cent per year outpaced the population increase of 1.5 per cent.

During 2013, the Australian Egg Corporation Ltd (AECL) maintained its promotional strategy under the tag headline 'Eggs, Easy As', investing in both above- and below-the-line campaigns directed at consumers and healthcare professionals.

It is estimated that possibly 10 per cent of all eggs are consumed as products. That in many other developed economies the proportion of eggs eaten in product forms is 20 per cent or more hints at possible future growth possibilities in this sector in Australia.

Table 4. Human population of Oceania and per-capita egg consumption

Human population (millions)

Consumption (kg/person/year)

Country

2000

2010

2015P

2020P

2000

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

American Samoa 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 - - - - - -
Australia 19.3 22.4 23.9 25.4 5.9 5.2 6.8 6.2 6.0 5.8
Cook Isl. # # # # - - - - - -
Fiji 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.6 2.3 2.8
French Polynesia 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 4.8 7.8 7.6 7.4 7.8 8.6
Guam 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 - - - - - -
Kiribati 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.1 2.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.3
Marshall Isl. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 - - - - - -
Micronesia 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 - - - - - -
Nauru # # # # - - - - - -
New Caledonia 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 6.7 7.4 7.8 8.0 9.9 11.5
New Zealand 3.9 4.4 4.6 4.8 9.5 10.4 10.6 9.5 10.6 10.7
Niue # # # # - - - - - -
N. Mariana Isl. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 - - - - - -
Palau # # # # - - - - - -
Papua New Guinea 5.4 6.9 7.6 8.4 - - - - - -
Samoa 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.2 3 3.7 2.8 2.8 3.2
Solomon Isl. 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2
Tokelau # # # # - - - - - -
Tonga 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 - - - - - -
Tuvalu # # # # - - - - - -
Vanuatu 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 1.4 1.7 2.0 3.0 3.6 3.6
Wallis/Fortuna Isl. # # # # - - - - -
OCEANIA 31.2 36.7 39.4 42.1 6.2 5.9 7.1 6.5 6.5 6.4
WORLD 6,127.7 6,916.2 7,324.8 7,716.7 8.1 8.5 8.5 8.7 8.9 8.9
# less than 50,000; - no figure; P= projected
Source: FAO

In New Zealand, egg consumption has been fairly stable at around 230 eggs per person per year although there are some indications that it has now slipped to 223.

It is estimated that some 15 per cent of eggs are consumed in products.

The egg industry has to move production out of conventional cages by 2022, almost certainly increasing production costs. As this will impact on profits, production could well be cut, which will increase prices. However, retail price increases in developed economies do not have anywhere near the negative impact on demand as in developing nations. Nevertheless, as the total supply could well be cut back, so the quantities of eggs consumed in total and per person could decline.

April 2014

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on April 27, 2014, 09:19:01 AM

Californian Chicken Blocked by Hong Kong
24 April 2014

HONG KONG - The safety department of Hong Kong has banned the import of poultry and poultry products, including eggs, from Stanislaus County in California, it said on Thursday.

The ban was imposed after the department was notified by the World Organization for Animal Health about an outbreak of low- pathogenic H5 avian influenza on a quail farm in the county, reported Shanghai Daily earlier today.

The department has contacted American authorities and will monitor the situation, it said.

About 150,000 tonnes of frozen poultry meat, eight tonnes of chilled poultry meat and 600 million poultry eggs were imported to Hong Kong from the United States last year.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on May 04, 2014, 01:37:59 PM

Weekly Overview: High Feed Prices, Trade Agreements Hit Poultry Farming Profits
01 May 2014

GLOBAL - Feed ingredient prices are down from their peak but feed costs continue to hit farmers' margins in countries across the world, according to reports in the last week's news, writes Jackie Linden. Some of the large poultry companies, on the other, have reported improving results.

Delaware is one of the leading broiler-producing areas in the United States but new national statistics show that while chicken output grew slightly in 2013 and production value jumped 23 per cent, high grain and energy prices blunted growers' returns last year.

In Bangalore, India, local players in the poultry business in Koramangla report experiencing a tough period with slow business and margins severely hit by high feed prices.

Chicken producers in Pakistan, however, are blaming unfair competition resulting from Free Trade Agreements with Malaysia and China for their financial woes.

More positive news came from Russia, where Cherkizovo reports sales for its pork, poultry and grain divisions higher in the first quarter of the year.

In Mexico, the CEO of Industrias Bachoco commented in the latest quarterly report that sales volume increased compared to the first quarter of 2013. Although prices of the company's products declined, a decrease in the price of raw materials more than offset the price reduction and resulted in an improvement in the operating performance of the company.

BRF of Brazil also reported good poultry meat sales growth in the most recent quarter.

A session on injurious pecking in poultry and measures to address the issue was among the highlights of a poultry science meeting this week.

The annual meeting of the UK branch of the World's Poultry Science Association in Nottingham began with a focus on poultry nutrition, followed by the session on pecking - particularly laying hens - and the current status of beak trimming, which is already banned in some European Union countries and looks likely to cease in the UK in the coming years.

And finally, turning to bird flu news, South Korea has reported three new outbreaks of H5N8 highly pathogenic avian flu in poultry over the last month. A low-pathogenic avian flu virus was identified last week as the cause of increased mortality in a commercial flock of Japanese quail in California, US.

Jackie Linden - Senior Editor

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on May 11, 2014, 08:07:35 AM

Chinese Bird Flu Leads to Boost in Brazilian Broiler Buying
06 May 2014

BRAZIL – China imported 1,900 tons more Brazilian poultry meat for the first quarter of 2014 than last year amid the bird flu outbreak.

Mandatory culling and other bird flu measures have led to almost 50,000 tons of broiler meat being bought into China to fill a void left by avian influenza.

This is according to Secex data which also showed a recent surge in Japanese buying, although first quarter shipments are down overall.

Analysts expect the continuing bird flu interruptions to maintain strong demand for Brazilian chicken.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on May 16, 2014, 05:54:40 PM

Weekly Overview: UK Poultry Industry Looks to the Future
15 May 2014

UK - Whilst the country's egg and chicken meat industries face challenges ahead, visitors to the British Pig & Poultry Fair at the National Agricultural Centre this week seemed to be optimistic about the future of their businesses, reports Jackie Linden.

Industry optimism about the future was a theme of the British Pig & Poultry Fair this week.

At the ‘Growing your Business’ for the egg sector, for example, Mark Williams from the British Egg Industry Council [pictured above, left] explained that there is plenty to be positive about in the egg sector.

"We should be extremely proud of the fact we are 87 per cent self-sufficient in eggs, with 9.68 billion eggs being produced a year in the UK," he said.

He also touched on the challenge facing producers in the form of beak-trimming, saying: "This is the most important policy issue at this time facing the UK egg industry. There is on-going work underway to educate MPs about the implications, and the need to delay any potential policy until birds can be reared without beak trimming, with no impact on welfare. This needs to be based on proven science and genetics."

Representing the chicken meat industry, Steve Ellis of 2 Sisters Food Group [pictured above, right] also forecast a promising outlook for the sector in terms of the low cost of production per kilo of protein, growing global demand for meat and popularity of chicken with consumers.

Mr Ellis said that the greatest challenges to the industry right now are keeping chicken affordable, tackling Campylobacter and improving bird welfare based on science.

Another forum media consultant, Malcolm Munro said that speaking to the media offers the opportunity to unlocking the power of story-telling.

Also on the theme of broiler welfare, a former arable farmer in the UK has taken lessons learned from vegetable production and applied it to a broiler enterprise to monitor how contented his birds are.

Jackie Linden - Senior Editor

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on June 01, 2014, 08:53:14 AM

Weekly Overview: Bird Flu and Other Challenging Issues for the Poultry Industry
29 May 2014

GLOBAL - Influenza of avian origin has been in the news this week with a new report on the transmission of the virus from animals to humans as well as new cases in Chinese patients and signs of infection in poultry workers. There has been a call from the poultry industry to cease referring to 'bird flu'.

Starting with bird flu news, seven new cases of H7N9 influenza have been confirmed in China, while evidence has been found of asymptomatic or mild infections of the virus in poultry workers in Shenzhen.

Nepal has been declared free of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza in its poultry, and there have been no new cases of the H5N8 low-pathogenic virus in the United States.

The International Poultry Council (IPC) has called on the leading world health organisations to adopt neutral disease nomenclature to bring to an end market disruption as the result, for example, of influenza outbreaks linked to poultry.

Widespread use of such terms as 'bird flu' in media reports of incidents of influenza in poultry often create confusion and fear among consumers leading to reduced consumption of poultry, which can be costly to producers, according to IPC.

The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has published a new report examining the transmission of influenza viruses from animals to humans.

Turning to other news, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) has become involved in both the meat and egg sectors in the last few days. It is proposing to grant authorisation to enable members of the New South Wales Farmers’ Association who grow chicken, turkey and duck meat, to bargain collectively with poultry meat processors. ACCC has also begun an investigation into allegations of cartel activity in the country's egg industry.

In India, volatile prices, wide supply-demand disparity and high feed costs remain concerns for the poultry industry. Nevertheless, an investment agency is forecasting improving returns this fiscal year (March 2014 to April 2015).

And in the United States panel of experts on genetically modified organisms (GMOs) gathered in Williamsburg recently to debate the risks and benefits of GM foods. The debate, sponsored by the Museum of Food and Drink (MOFAD), was one of the fair’s major draws.

Jackie Linden - Senior Editor

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on June 14, 2014, 08:03:17 AM

We Can Feed the Poultry to Feed the World
11 June 2014

GLOBAL - "We need science to improve poultry productivity so that the growing demand for animal protein can be met in 2050 and beyond," said Peel Holroyd in his introduction to the latest study for the Temperton Fellowship for Poultry Research. Jackie Linden reports on the presentation in London this week.

Concerns about feeding the global human population are not new but, according to one of the leading lights of the UK feed industry, there are good reasons for optimism that poultry meat and eggs will play a leading role in the solution to the problem of meeting the growing demand for animal proteins.

Speaking at the presentation of his report for the Temperton Fellowship in London this week, Nick Major (pictured) said that with technical efficiency throughout the supply chain, the growing demand for poultry products can be met as the human population inches up towards nine billion in 2050.

Corporate Affairs Director for ForFarmers B.V. in the UK - a leading international feed company that includes BOCM Pauls in the UK - Mr Major outlined how increases in the human population, wealth and urbanisation are the key drivers behind the growing demand for animal proteins.

Projections indicate that by 2050, a per-capita energy consumption of 3,000 calories in achievable, he said. This is the current level in developed countries.

Focusing on poultry products, demand for poultry meat will double by that time and for eggs, the increase required is 64 per cent, according to Mr Major.

Looking at the UK's key feed ingredients of wheat and soybeans, he showed that projections for feed requirements for this level of production indicate adequate supplies of feed ingredients to support that level of poultry output.

Mr Major stressed that these increases will come from improved production efficiency throughout the supply chain rather than any significant expansion in the area of arable land.

Highlighting the improvements made in poultry genetics, feeding and management over the last 50 years or so, he said that the output targets can be met by the poultry industry.

In closing, he stressed the need for technical efficiency throughout the poultry supply chain to meet these goals.

Responding to questions following his presentation, Mr Major mentioned that the range of tools in the nutritionist's 'toolbox' includes:
•feed enzymes (already widely used but there is still further potential)
•making better use of food wastes, co-products and new feed ingredients, including biofuel by-products, insect protein, processed animal protein (PAP; meat and bone meal) as well as algae and yeasts.

Finally, Mr Major told that, whilst not referring to it specifically in his presentation, he considers genetically modified (GM) feed ingredients to be among the technical solutions needed to meet growing demand for animal proteins.

Still an issue in western Europe right now, he added, there is a strong need for this new technology, not least as non-GM soybeans become ever harder to source, for example.

During his presentation, Mr Major had mentioned that the main soybean producing and exporting areas in Latin America have been identified as among those more likely to suffer adverse effects of climate change in the years ahead. This would increase the pressure to develop more drought-resistant feed crops.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on June 28, 2014, 08:19:44 PM

Poultry Prices Taking off as Macroeconomic Conditions Improve
27 June 2014
Rabobank

GLOBAL - Global poultry prices are taking off in the second quarter of the year, according to Rabobank's Poultry Quarterly Q2: Prices Taking Off report.

This bullishness is driven by relative price support from high beef and pork prices alongside demand recovery and a more balanced supply and demand situation in most regions of the world.

This is expected to lead to an improvement in profitability for the global poultry industry.

"Under improved global market conditions, led by the North American region, a slight increase in global chicken prices is expected," said Rabobank Analyst Nan-Dirk Mulder.

"We see an increasingly balanced market, where supply discipline is more the order of the day and improving margins will be the likely result.

“However, markets remain volatile and any change in fundamentals, especially from the supply and feed side, will impact global prices. Suppliers should look to keep production growth disciplined.”

Global feed prices are expected to decline in the third and fourth quarter based on current fundamentals and a good crop outlook for wheat and soybeans.

Despite this positive outlook, the possible return of volatility in feed prices remains a threat to the poultry industries in all regions as stock levels remain low.

Global grains and oilseeds prices have recently increased and old crop grain markets are currently tighter than expected. In addition, ongoing concerns about the situation in Ukraine and the potential threat of an El Niño event are creating some market volatility.

Animal disease outbreaks also remain a concern.

Regional Updates
•United States: 2014 is on pace to be even better than 2013 - one of the most profitable years in the last decade. The industry is primed to benefit from lower beef and pork production, a limited breeder flock, increasing exports due to the risk of another avian influenza (AI) outbreak in Mexico, and favourable feed costs.
•European Union: Margins in the EU poultry industry are currently quite strong. Markets are reasonably well balanced, with a reduction in production in the first quarter compared to the same period in 2014 and relatively strong demand.
•China: AI outbreaks decreased, coinciding with warmer weather in the second quarter of 2014. The negative impact on consumption is fading and the market is now showing signs of recovery, with increasing poultry prices in both retail and live bird prices.
•Brazil: Poultry meat prices are expected to hold firm in the second quarter of the year as a consequence of the high prices of competing proteins as well as the increases in both domestic and international demand.
•Other EMEA: The Russian poultry industry is still suffering from oversupply in the domestic market. Market conditions in the South African poultry industry have normalised after a long period of oversupply with rising imports.
•Other South America: Production in Mexico has been unable to recover from its 2013 contraction and could experience further setbacks as a result of the return of AI. Domestic issues saw production in Argentina fall four per cent year-on-year in the first quarter of 2014.
•Other Asia: The Japanese and Thai poultry industries remains bullish although the gradual restart of a major Thai broiler producer might impact future outlook. In contrast, India's poultry industry experienced one of the worst first quarters in the last five years.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on July 06, 2014, 06:30:47 PM

Little Change in Global Poultry Meat Price
04 July 2014

GLOBAL - The FAO Meat Price has risen in the last month on increasing pork prices but the chicken price is little changes. FAO's overall Food Price Index has fallen for a third consecutive month, mainly on lower cereal and vegetable oil prices.

The FAO Food Price Index averaged 206.0 points in June 2014, down 3.8 points (1.8 per cent) from May and nearly six points (2.8 per cent), below June 2013. Last month’s decline, which was the third in succession, was largely the result of a marked drop in cereal and vegetable oil prices, following further improvements in global production prospects. Although sugar and dairy quotations also edged lower, the falls were far less pronounced. On the other hand, meat prices held steady.

FAO

The FAO Cereal Price Index averaged 196.2 points in June, down 10.9 points (5.2 per cent) from a revised value in May and 36.2 points (15.6 per cent) below last year. The slide was mainly caused by a weakening of wheat and maize quotations, both of which fell by close to seven per cent, a reflection of a further improvement in world crop prospects and diminishing concerns over disruption of shipments from Ukraine. By contrast, rice prices were marginally up from May, mostly reflecting the suspension of large public stock sales in Thailand.

The FAO Vegetable Oil Price Index averaged 188.9 points in June, down 6.4 points (3.3 per cent) from May and 4.6 points (2.4 per cent) below June 2013. Quotations for palm oil, the most widely traded edible oil, fell to a nine-month low last month, as seasonally high output coincided with subdued global import demand. Similarly, soy oil prices dropped to a four-year trough on abundant availabilities in South America and anticipation of a record world soybean production in 2014/15. Prospects of ample sunflower and rapeseed oil supplies in 2014/15 also weighed on the index.

The FAO Dairy Price Index averaged 236.5 points in June, down 2.5 points (1.0 per cent) over May and 9.7 points (4.0 per cent) less year-on-year. The decline in June was substantially less than in the previous three months, suggesting that the downward price adjustment may be coming to an end. At the product level, large supply of milk powders continued to weigh on the market, while a firm import demand has kept cheese prices on the rise.

The FAO Meat Price Index averaged 194.2 points in June, 1.4 points (0.7 per cent) more than in May and 14.6 points (8.1 per cent) above last year. The June increase of the index was principally due to a continuing strengthening of pig meat prices, as world supplies were constrained in recent months by an outbreak of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea (PED) virus in the United States. Bovine and ovine meat quotations also moved seasonally higher, while prices for poultry meat were little changed.

The FAO Sugar Price Index averaged 258 points in June, down 1.2 point (0.5 per cent), from May but still 15.4 points (6.4 per cent) up from last year. Despite this month’s marginal decline, the market remains concerned about the possible effects of a recurring El Niño weather anomaly that could exacerbate the anticipated fall of global output. Already, indications of below average monsoon rains are pointing to a possible production shortfall in India, the second largest world sugar producer after Brazil and top world sugar consumer.

Note: *The small revision since 2013 reflects slight changes to the IGC wheat index, which is used for the calculation of FAO cereal index.

FAO

Original source: FAO report -

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on July 20, 2014, 08:35:47 AM

New Commercial and Technical Manager for Indian River
18 July 2014

Aviagen

PHILIPPINES - Esmi San Pedro graduated with a Doctorate in Veterinary Medicine from Central Luzon State University in 1987 before entering the pig industry as he started his career in agriculture.

Esmi San Pedro

He subsequently moved to Calauit Wild Life Sanctuary for two years before accepting a job in the Philippine Animal Health Center where he worked for two more years before he entered the poultry industry with RFM/Swift Foods.

After a year, Mr San Pedro was employed by San Miguel Foods as a manager in their breeding operation while the company expanded to become a leading entity in the Philippine market. Mr San Pedro worked for over 11 years from the mid nineties for San Miguel before accepting an offer to join Sierad Produce in Indonesia as the general manager responsible for the breeding and hatchery operation.

In 2009 Mr San Pedro became Technical Service Manager for Indian River in the Aviagen organization, responsible for Philippines, Malaysia, Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, India and China. He has worked in this role for the past five years before being promoted to Commercial and Technical Manager of Indian River for Middle East and Asia.

"We are pleased to announce this new position for Mr San Pedro and look forward to his contribution to the business in the future," commented Fred Kao, Business Manager Indian River.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on August 02, 2014, 07:46:20 AM

Extending Storage Time of Eggs Increases Salmonella Risk
01 August 2014

EU - Extending the storage time of eggs at home or at retail would increase Salmonella food poisoning risks, says EFSA’s latest scientific opinion on public health risks from eggs.

Experts focussed on the risk to consumers posed by Salmonella Enteritidis, the bacteria responsible for causing the highest number of egg-borne outbreaks in EU.

EFSA’s experts looked at the consequences of extending the sell-by date and best-before date for eggs eaten on their own or as ingredients in foods. The sell-by date is the last date shops are supposed to display eggs for sale; the best-before date is the period in which the eggs maintain their best quality, for example their texture and flavour.

If the sell-by date for household consumption is extended from 21 to 28 days for eggs, the risk of infections increases by 40 per cent for uncooked and 50 per cent for slightly cooked eggs respectively.

In the worst case scenario, where the sell-by date is 42 days and the best-before date is 70 days, the risk is around three times higher than currently for both uncooked and slightly cooked eggs.

The results are similar for eggs used in catering establishments, which are usually collected directly from wholesalers, by-passing retail.

To calculate such estimates, EFSA experts used a quantitative model that allowed comparing the current situation regarding the storage of eggs in the EU with different possible scenarios, using different sell-by dates and best-before dates.

“If Salmonella is present inside eggs, it can multiply more rapidly as the temperature and storage time rise. However, thoroughly cooking eggs reduces the risk of infection”, explains Mr John Griffin, Chair of the Biological Hazards Panel.

Keeping eggs refrigerated is the only way to reduce the increased risk of infections due to extended storage. However, if the sell-by date and best-before date were extended for more than three weeks, the risk increases- even with refrigeration in shops.

This scientific advice was requested

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on August 09, 2014, 01:52:22 PM

Weekly Overview: Political Situation in Ukraine Impacts Global Poultry Trade
07 August 2014

GLOBAL - The tense political situation in Ukraine has now led to Russia banning imports of food products, including poultry, from a number of countries, a move that seems likely to impact the Russian people at least as much as its trading partners. Food should not be used as a political bargaining tool, writes Jackie Linden. Also in the news in the last week was an update on the new poultry inspection system in the US and a survey of foodborne pathogens on UK chicken.

Russia's president Vladimir Putin has announced a ban on imports of agricultural and food products from countries including the US, EU, Canada, Australia and Norway in reaction to sanctions imposed against it by these countries.

The Russian government has today approved a list of food products which are included in the ban, which is effective immediately.

Imports of beef, pork, poultry, fish, cheese, milk, fruits and vegetables from the US, EU, Canada, Australia and Norway will therefore be banned for a year from today, said Russia's Prime Minister, Dmitry Medvedev.

US poultry organisations, the National Chicken Council and USA Poultry & Egg Export Council commented that they do not expect that a Russian ban on US poultry imports will have a great impact on the industry.

Commenting on the ban, the President of the American Farm Bureau Federation said: “This is clearly a political move. It is unfortunate that the biggest losers in this will be Russian consumers, who will pay more for their food now as well as in the long run.

A spokesperson for the White House commented: "Retaliating against Western companies or countries will deepen Russia's international isolation, causing further damage to its own economy."

Russia has also being talking with some South American countries to increase exports. Brazil and Argentina have both approached Russia with the view to meeting the demand for poultry meat, it is reported.

In the United States in the last week, the Food Safety and Inspection Service has announced a critical step forward in making chicken and turkey products safer for Americans to eat.

Poultry companies will have to meet new requirements to control Salmonella and Campylobacter, and up to 5,000 foodborne illnesses will be prevented each year as a result of the New Poultry Inspection System, an updated science-based inspection system that positions food safety inspectors throughout poultry facilities in a smarter way.

Also on food safety, a new survey of Campylobacter on fresh shop-bought chickens in the UK reveals that 59 per cent of birds tested positive for the presence of Campylobacter. In four per cent of samples, Campylobacter was identified on the outside of the packaging.

And finally, on bird flu news, the Taiwanese veterinary authorities have carried out intensified surveillance for three months after the H5N2 outbreak was detected and there have been no signs of the virus.

Jackie Linden - Senior Editor

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on August 23, 2014, 05:32:33 PM

Brazilian Broiler Production Forecast to Increase in 2015
21 August 2014
USDA Foreign Agricultural Service

BRAZIL - Post forecasts broiler production to increase by five per cent in 2015.

This increase will likely be driven by higher exports stimulated by the depreciation of the Brazilian currency, lower feed costs due to forecast record soybean and corn crops estimated for 2014/15 crop year, and higher world demand for the Brazilian product, especially from the Russian Federation.

Post sources also identify the high level of consumer debt in Brazil as a constraint to increased domestic demand. The outlook for turkey production and exports is for moderate growth next year.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on August 31, 2014, 08:53:31 AM

Effects of Grinding Method, Particle Size and Physical Form of Diet on Digestion in Laying Hens
26 August 2014

Poultry Science journal

New research from Germany reveals that feeding a coarsely ground or mash diet stimulates the development of the gut organs, and that mash feeding increases glucose transport capacity through changes in the intestinal microstructure.

Several studies illustrated that the structure of feed, i.e., the particle size, particle-size distribution, and the physical form of the diet, affects the avian gastrointestinal function and health leading to changes in productive performance.

In the current issue of Poultry Science, Ilen Röhe of the Free University in Berlin and co-authors there and at the International Research Association of Feed Technology in Braunschweig report that investigations concerning the effects of feeding differently processed diets on laying hens are limited and primarily concentrated on bird performance.

Their study examines the effect of feed processing on the gastrointestinal morphology and on the jejunal glucose transport of laying hens.

In eight replicates, a total of 384 hens (Lohmann Brown) aged 20 weeks were randomly allocated to eight different groups and fed over a period of 21 days in a three-factorial design.

Diets differed in
•grinding method, either hammer or roller mill
•physical form, either mash or expandate, and
•particle size, either coarsely or finely ground.

During the experimental trial, the laying performance of each feeding group was recorded daily and the feed intake and bodyweight determined weekly.

After slaughtering, the weights of the pancreas, proventriculus, gizzard and small intestine were measured. Villus lengths and crypt depths of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were determined.

The jejunal electrogenic glucose transport was studied in Ussing chambers.

Hens that received mash instead of expandate had a heavier proventriculus (P=0.011), gizzard (P<0.001) and pancreas (P=0.019), whereas the feeding of coarsely instead of finely ground diets led to higher gizzard weights (P<0.001).

Mash-fed hens showed longer duodenal (P<0.001) and shorter ileal villi (P=0.047) and increased duodenal villus height-to-crypt depth ratios (P<0.001) than those given the expandate.

Mash-fed hens had higher glucose transport rates than expandate-fed hens (P<0.001).

The feeding of coarsely ground and mash diets stimulated the development of the gastrointestinal organs, concluded Röhe and co-authors.

They added that mash feeding influenced the intestinal microstru

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on October 05, 2014, 04:57:41 PM

Poultry News Indian Poultry Industry on a Growth Path
01 October 2014Indbro - Research and Breeding Farms Private Limited

INDIA - The outlook for the growth of the Indian broiler and egg sectors should be good for at least another year, writes Dr Kotaiah of Indbro Research and Breeding Farms Private Limited.

Indian broiler production at 3.8 million tons is the fourth largest in the world after US, Brazil and China. The growth is continuing at 12 to 15 per cent. Contact farming with small farmers spread all over the place is a healthy growth involving millions of small landowners.

The broiler growing companies are becoming bigger and the feed mills are getting larger. More than 60 per cent of the feed is being processed unlike in the past. The marketing continues to be “live birds” with no signs of improvement towards processed chicken. Processed food vendors like KFC, Mcdonald, Godrej, C.P., Venkeys and Amrit are growing but slowly.

The layer farming with 220 million layers is growing at six to eight per cent and the egg prices are record high at this part of the year compared to any previous years at the same time.

The egg promotion agencies are doing a good job in promoting eggs in schools, hospitals etc. besides growing household consumption.

The news of good soybean and maize crops in the US is good for India because most of the global buyers will turn to US and India's small surplus stocks will be safe for local consumption.

The price line also will be low in the trading in accordance with the international market. The purchases for 15 October 2014 are already trading 20 per cent lower than what they were in the beginning of September.

The new corn crop due to come in October 2014 is not that bright this year in yield due to late monsoon but the plantation area had grown because of higher corn prices realized by the grower last year. As a result, corn prices on the stocks available are also looking downward.

Individual poultry producers are growing big and the concerns on health of chickens and humans are well addressed. The food handling and processing regulations, which are being grounded fast, should take the industry fast in to the growth.

With soybean and corn favourably priced and consumption going up steadily, the outlook for the growth of the Indian poultry industry should be good for at least another year.

Title: Re: World Poultry News
Post by: Mustang Sally Farm on October 12, 2014, 01:09:19 PM

GLOBAL - On World Egg Day (10 October) countries around the globe celebrate the egg, one of nature’s superfoods.

So get cracking this Friday with delicious egg meals from around the world by trying some of these international egg recipes on eggrecipes.co.uk including Eggy Mexican quesadillas, Vegetable biryani or Spanish baked eggs.

Or why not break a world record as well as an egg - like Mohamad Shahabaz Khan who achieved the most flips of an omelette with 103 flips in a minute!

Egg lovers can also celebrate a clutch of good news stories. The latest research shows eggs contain even more nutrients than 30 years ago, including 70 per cent more vitamin D than when they were last measured; the previous limits on egg consumption, due to their cholesterol content, have been lifted; and eggs have been shown to keep you feeling fuller for longer, making them a natural aid for dieters.

Make sure you select the best of British eggs for recipes from any part of the world – look for the British Lion mark, which guarantees that eggs have been produced to the highest standards of food safety.

PINOYAGRIBUSINESS

LIVESTOCKS => POULTRY => Topic started by: Mustang Sally Farm on December 05, 2012, 08:16:46 PM